Aralia elata

[ ] Pinyin name C L: n Y 's to be
[ alias ] thorn old tooth, magpie started, Aralia, tiger Yang.
[ source ]
Medicine source: to Araliaceae Liaodong Aralia root bark and tree bark.
Latin animal mineral name: Aralia elata ( Miq. ) Seem. [ Dimor-phanthus elatus Miq; Aralia mandshuricaMaxim.]
Harvest and storage: spring, autumn digging root, root bark or stripping stripping bark, removing impurities in the soil, cut or slice, fresh or dried.
[ ] the original morphology of shrubs or small trees, high 1.5-6m. Branchlets sparsely most fine thorn, thorn grows 1-3mm, base of the liver; young branchlets often elongated straight, up to 1.5cm. Leaves two to three back pinnate, long 40-80cm; petiole length 20-40cm; stipules and petiole basally connate, separation of partial linear, ca. 3mm, margin hairy; pinnae are lobule 7-11, base the Ministry has 1 pairs of leaflets, leaf blade ovate to ovate-elliptic, length 5-15cm, width 2.5-8cm, apex acuminate, base rounded to cordate, thin wedge, green above, pale green below. Umbels diameter 1-1.5cm; peduncles long 0.8-4cm, pedicels ca. 7mm, are densely pubescent; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, membranous; flowers yellow; calyx glabrous, ca. 1.5mm apex 5 tooth cleft, lobes ovate-triangular; petals and sepals equaling, ovate-triangular, flowers: stamens 5;; ovary inferior, room 5, styles 5, free or basally connate. Drupe spherical, berry, black, diameter 4mm, have 5 edge. Flowering of 6-8 months, fr. 9-10.
[ ] habitat distribution
Ecological environment: born around 1000m elevation mountain forest.
Resource distribution: located in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other places.
[ character ]
Character identification: root bark is cylindrical, single volume or double drum shaped, slightly curved or irregular distortion, long 15-36cm, 1.5-3.0mm thick; the outer surface of a light brown or grayish brown, some cork scaly peeling, peeling off, with longitudinal inner surface wrinkles, dark brown yellow or yellow-white; lenticels rounded or oval, protrusions or dangerous. Brittle, easily broken, section smooth, pale yellow white or white, with light blue fluorescence under UV light. Gas micro, taste slightly astringent and bitter, chew without fiber slag sense. Dry skin is not tight curl single volume or double cylinder, a straight, a curved, long 10-15cm, 1.5-2.0mm thick; outer surface is iterated, wrinkled, rough, and the inner surface of the root bark of similarity. Hard brittle, easily broken, section fibrous. Gas micro, taste slightly astringent and bitter, chewing the rough.
Microscopic identification of the root bark of transverse: cork layer for progression to several columns of cells. Cortical stenosis. Phloem ray width 2-4 columns of cells, often undulate curved lateral, medial relatively flat, secretory canal majority, tangential annular, diameter of 46-127 ~ M. The parenchyma cells containing fine acting powder, some containing calcium oxalate crystallization.
[ ] the chemical composition of root bark and roots contain oleanolic acid - 28-O - beta - D - pyran glucoside ( oleanolic acid-28-O - P - glu-copyranoside), sugar ( sucrose ), daucosterol ( daucosterol ), oleanolic acid ( oleanolic acid ), daucosterol - 6 ' - palmitate ( ( 6 - O-palmitoyl ) - beta - sitos-terol-3-O - P - D-glucoside ), Aralia saponin ( Araloside ) A, C, G, Aralia saponin A methyl ester ( Araloside A methylester ), ( silphioside ) A Silphium glycosides, Panax japonicus saponins ( chikusetsusaponin ) Ib, Pingbian three seven saponins (stipuleanosides) R1 and R2, acanthopanax sessiliflorus glycosides ( acanthoside ) D twenty-four ( tetracosanoic acid ), carbonate, alpha - the song of the two sugar ( a - kojibiose ), Liaodong Aralia saponin ( elatosides ) A, C, and F, oleanolic acid 3-O - beta - D - glucuronide ( oleanolic acid-3-O - P - D-glucuronopyranoside), Aralia saponin ( tarasaponin ) I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, Aralia saponin of methyl ester ( tarasaponin III methyl ester ), Panax japonicus saponin IV methylphenidate ( chikusetsusaponin methyl ester ), dummy ginseng saponin (pseudoginsenoside) RT1, fifteen acid methyl ester ( methyl pentadecanoate ), sixteen acid methyl ester ( methyl hex Adecanoate ), eighteen acid methyl ester ( methyl octadecanoate ), twenty acid methyl ester ( methyl eicosanoate ), twenty-six ( hexaccoan ), twenty-six alkyl alcohol ( 1-hexacosanol ), ( stigmasterol ), soy sterols sitosterol ( sitosterol ), sugar ( sucrose ), amino acids ( amino acid ), vitamins ( vitamin B1 ) and volatile oil.
Pharmacological action [ ]
1: Liaodong on the cardiovascular effects of Aralia saponin on isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery ligation in rats, has good protection effect. Total saponin 5mg / kg intraperitoneal injection, can significantly improve the isoprenaline-induced myocardial ischemia ECG changes; to significantly reduce the ischemic myocardial tissue creatine phosphokinase ( CPK ) release, decreasing ischemia myocardial tissue and plasma free fatty acids, and protect the myocardial tissue of superoxide dismutase activity in.
2 on hypoxia tolerance of mice: effects of Liaodong Aralia saponin can obviously improve the anoxia endurance, reduced oxygen consumption rate; for by potassium or sodium nitrite induced mouse histotoxic hypoxia and ligation of bilateral carotid arteries induced by cerebral circulation obstacle has protective effect on hypoxia, brain hypoxia improves animal. Saponins can also make the oxygen partial pressure was significantly elevated, increased arteriovenous oxygen difference. The paper proves that the total soap can increase the transport of oxygen in blood, improve tissue oxygen utilization of, at the same time on hypoxia induced alkalosis also improved.
3 other role: Liaodong Aralia saponin of saline to mice by intraperitoneal injection, for 7 consecutive days, could significantly stimulate prostaglandin E2 alpha and E2 synthesis, the cMAP content increased, cGMP content decreased significantly, without effect on histamine release. Liaodong of Aralia elata on intestinal stimulant, the contraction is enhanced; on isolated uterine smooth muscle has some excitement, and the uterus in vivo showed inhibition.
[ ] Liaodong type methanol extracts of toxicity of mice 2G / kg can make the most of the animal death; rabbit gastric perfusion 5g / kg also can cause death. Total saponin on mice with stomach LD50 of 724mg / kg. Accumulative toxicity test, has no toxic and side reaction. Micronucleus test and dominant lethal experiment, glycosides on survival of litter, dead embryo number and mutagenicity index and distilled water as compared to the control group showed no significant difference, has no mutagenic effect. Testicle cells chromosome aberration test shows, total saponin on mice testis germ cell chromosome aberration induced by. Liaodong Aralia has diarrhea.
[ ] taste slightly bitter flavour; Gan; flat;
[ function ] the kidney qi; Qufeng Lishi Huoxue Zhitong. The main deficiency weakness; kidney impotence; epigastric pain; diabetes; insomnia; rheumatic arthralgia; waist weakness; traumatic injury; fracture; expansion; edema; rectal prolapse; mange
[ usage]: orally taken decoction, 15-30g, fresh goods double; or sparkling wine. External : the amount, trace and apply; or fried Tang Xun wash; or leach liquor Tu.
[ note ] hyperactivity of liver Yang Shen clothing.
Excerpts from" Chinese Materia Medica" [ ]

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