Baiyao child

[Source]
From 1. "Tang Materia Medica."
2. "This sketch by": Baiyao, this Kui, Shi, Jiangxi, Lingnan have it. March seedlings, like endive leaves: April and red stems, long like gourd vine; white flowers in June; August knot, Yiming Trichosanthes: Sep taken root, washed them with water, chopped, dry exposure, name Baiyao child. Jiangxi out who leaves like black mortar, child, such as green beans, August his son to become red.

[Pinyin] Bái Yào Zǐ

[English name] Oriental Stephania Root, Root of Oriental Stephania

[Alias] Bai Yao, Bai Yao root, mountain tortoise.

[Source]
Medicine-based source: Menispermaceae plant roots gold hanging turtle.
Latin name of plant and animal fossil: Stephania cepharantha Hayata [S.tetrandra S. Moore var.glabra Maxim.; S.disciflora Hand.Mazz.]
Harvesting and storage: year or autumn to early winter dredging, removal of fibrous roots, soil, washed, sliced, dried in the sun.

[Original form] gold hanging turtle perennial deciduous vine. Root hypertrophy, oval or irregular massive, long 3-10cm, diameter 2-9cm. Old stem base slightly woody, with fine grooves, slightly purple. Leaves alternate; petiole length 4-10cm, shield-shaped with the students; leaves round a triangle, or a flat round, long 5-9cm, width and length nearly equal to or greater than the length; apex obtuse, often with a small protrusion tip, base slightly concave or flat cut, entire or slightly wavy, green above, under the flour, white, glabrous, palmate veins 5 to 9, paper. Flowers small, unisexual, dioecious; male plant for the complex head-like cymes, axillary, the total peduncle length 1-2cm, the top of inflorescence stems have discoid receptacle, about 20 flowers; Male flowers: sepals 6 (- 8), arranged in two; petals 3, light green, inside there are two large glands; stamens 6, filaments, forming the column, anther Health cylindrical ring discoid; female plants of a single head-like cymes, axillary, total pedicel short, the top discoid receptacle; Female flowers: perianth symmetrical; calyx 1 (0-2), was born in flower on one side; petals 2 (-3); ovary spherical. Stone fruit purple, spherical, short stems, fleshy, endocarp diameter 4-5mm, the back four rows of small horizontal ribbed carving pattern, each row has 17-20 teeth, placenta tracks not perforated. June-July flowering, the fruit from August to September.

[Habitat distribution]
Environment: grass grown in fertile moist, hillside street shade or bushes, also born in Rock Hill on calcareous.
Resource distribution: distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and other places.

[Character]
Root traits to identify irregular clumps or short cylindrical, diameter 2-9cm, often under the roots of several cylindrical connected slightly shorter, slightly curved, with constriction of the transverse groove, the root of the remote and sometimes thin, and its later enlarged into an oval, and connected into a rosary like a constant one; the top of the root with root residues. Goods sold are mostly irregular cross-section or longitudinal section of the block pieces, diameter-7cm, thickness 0.2-1.5cm, the surface of brown or dark brown, wrinkled and fibrous scar, cut enough of the flour, white or gray, showing muscle veins (Sansei vascular), were point-like or stripe-like arrangement. Quality hard and brittle, easily broken, break flour nature. Gas micro-, bitter taste.
To the slices, cross-section color white, pink feet are better.
Microscopic identification of root cross-section: cork layer over 8-10 column cork cells. Lateral cortex, single or 2-4 small groups of stone cells, diameter 60-90μm, short diameter 28-52μm; square thin-walled cells with small calcium oxalate crystals, needle crystal or crystal rods. Accounted for most of the root in the column for the Sansei structure, with the majority outside the tough type vascular bundles arranged in 1-4 concentric rings, a large central xylem bundles, tube next to the majority and minority tracheid fibers; column parenchyma cells containing few small cubic and rod-like crystals. This product contains the majority of thin-walled cells, starch grains, single grain round or oval, diameter 3-17μm, or crack-like umbilical little bit like; complex particles formed by the 2-3 sub-particles.

Chemical Composition】 【gold hanging turtle root set with L Isocorydine (isocorydine), Stephania spent the first base (cepharanthine), different tetrandrine (isotetrandrine), berbamine (berbamine), wheel base ring vine Ning ( cycleanine), alcohol spirit Stephania spent the first base (cepharanoline), Stephania spent the first amine (cepharamine), high A Luomo spiritual base (homoaromoline), Stephania spent the first ketone (cepharanone) A, B, Stephania spent the first two ketone (cepharadione) A, B, wood Tet (trilobine), tetrandrine (tetrandrine), quinine (quinine), papaverine (papaverine), codeine (codeine), morphine (morphine), berberine ( berberine). Seeds with dehydroepiandrosterone Stephania base (dehydrostephanine), dehydroepiandrosterone Krek Banning (dehydrocrebanine), Stephania alkali (stephanine), Krek Banning (crebanine), different tetrandrine, the original lotus leaf base (Onornuciferine), Sasaki Stephania alkali (stesakine), berbamine.

Pharmacological effects gold hanging turtle alkali moderate inhibition of in vitro effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but the mice of experimental tuberculosis does not really effect. Forties was once used for clinical treatment of tuberculosis, because of its toxic, banned after use. Detoxification for alcoholism has a good effect on the role of carbon tetrachloride poisoning in mice (delayed death) than methionine or glucuronic acid is superior. Produced in South America has a protective effect of snake venom. Against tetanus, diphtheria, botulinum toxin and tetrodotoxin in mice or guinea pigs have some of the lethal effect protection. Anaphylactic shock to some certain inhibition. Small doses can promote the toad reticuloendothelial cell function, high dose inhibition; and antigenic substances, it can activate the lymph nodes, causing plasma mother cell (Plasmablast) and plasma cells, and to the increased weight of these cells RNA and concentration. The methyl iodide compounds have curare-like effect, intravenous injection, can cause the dog's blood pressure, increase in spleen volume, can inhibit the isolated rabbit heart, so blood pressure is the inhibition of the heart, blood vessel expansion. Gold hanging turtle base after the injection, part of the in vivo metabolism, in part by renal excretion. Another alkaloid Baiyao child - different tetrandrine low toxicity, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic effects, and Phenylbutazone, tetrandrine hormone similar. Can inhibit capillary permeability, the role of poor oral. Different tetrandrine fed to rats 200mg/kg, or 50mg/kg intramuscular injection, can inhibit carrageenan-induced experimental joint swelling, and its anti-inflammatory effect rather Phenylbutazone; on rats analgesic and antipyretic effects, and can reduce blood levels of uric acid; but histamine and acetylcholine on isolated rat ileum contraction.

Toxicology and fed rats and the analgesic and antipyretic LD50 2.7g/kg respectively 6.4g/kg. Different tetrandrine dimethyl iodide with striated muscle relaxation effect on the rabbit's nutation dose of 1.39mg/kg, the lethal dose for rabbits is 1.77mg/kg.

Physical and chemical identification [identify] (1) of this product meal 1g, ethanol 10ml, cold soak overnight, filtration. Filtrate evaporated and the residue dissolved in 4ml diluted hydrochloric acid, filtration. Filtrate 1ml, plus improved test solution 2 drops of potassium bismuth iodide, producing a large number of orange precipitate; alternative filtrate 1ml, potassium iodine test solution 2 drops of mercury, producing a large number of yellow-white precipitate. (Check the alkaloids) (2) cross-section of fresh herbs or powder, set UV lamp (254nm), were light blue violet fluorescence. (3) TLC to take this powder 4g, an increase of 0.1% sulfuric acid 80ml cold soak, overnight, filtration, the filtrate had dumped into the pretreated sodium styrene resin column (l × 22cm), adjustable moderate flow rate, slowly out. Sample flow after completion, will be poured resin, washed several times with distilled water, filtered water, dry and home plate (so that water does not exceed 60%). Adding an appropriate amount of 10% ammonia alkaline, standing 20min, set in Soxhlet extractor, add chloroform elution back (to no alkaloid reaction), chloroform solution washed with water to neutral, plus a small amount of anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtration. Filtrate evaporated, dissolved in 1ml of chloroform added, the solution on behalf of fat-soluble alkaloids. The chloroform play back over the resin to make chloroform, add ethanol elution, collecting ethanol liquid vacuum evaporated, dissolved in 1ml methanol, the solution on behalf of soluble alkaloids. Lessons for the test solution 0.6μl, another high-Arrow Mourning base, different tetrandrine, berbamine, round rattan ring rather alkaline, Stephania spent the first base, magnolia, base, wheel base as the reference substance phenol ring vine, separate samples in the alkaline silica gel G TLC plate. Some fat-soluble alkaloids with chloroform-methanol (10:1), some water-soluble alkaloids with chloroform - methanol - ammonia (15:4:1) as the agent, 18m, UV light (254nm ) spots were observed under the situation; the other one with the modified bismuth potassium iodide potassium iodide (1:1) mixed color test solution, test products for chromatography chromatography with reference substance in the corresponding position of the same color of the spots.

[Processing] soaked in water, fish, stew thoroughly, sliced, dried in the sun.

[Taste] Kuxin; cool; small drug

】 【Go through the spleen; lung; kidney

【Indications】 Qingrejiedu; Qufeng pain; cooling blood to stop bleeding. Main sore throat; toxic heat carbuncle; Fengshibitong; abdominal pain; Xie Li; vomiting; Nvxue; traumatic bleeding

Dosage Oral: Jian Tang ,9-15g; or into pills, powder. Topical: the amount, trace deposited or deposited into powder.

[Note]
1. "Ben Cao Jing Shu": although patients who bleed at the nose spit hot blood and other evidence, if the weak stomach hormone, easy-to-be vent Convicted of service.
2. "Pieces of the new parameter": deficiency heat were hanged.

[] Discussed various
1. "Ben Cao Jing Shu": Bai Yao, Weixin, "by the" cloud temperatures, "Day Zi" cloud cold, cold medicine when a Sim is no doubt, it is non-toxic and detoxification. Kim will be excessive bleeding sores, fever, aching heat is not myogenic men, and cooling heat, then the pain from the only, muscular self also. And "medicinal theory", "Day Son," two of the Lord, are antipyretic Sanjie of power, then it will be cold tomorrow carry on.
2. "Medicinal" theory: governance and throats stuffed hot, choking Bi unreasonable, narrow chest stuffed, often throat pain and swelling.
3. "Tang Materia Medica ': main gold sore myogenic.
4. "Japan Hanako Materia Medica": Phlegm Cough, cure thirst and vomiting blood, throat closing, swelling drug.
5. "Kai Bao Materia Medica ': solution ivy, golden, Croton drug toxicity. Ax off injury, the pain can stop bleeding, apply the dry end.
6. "Outline": casual blood, pathogenic fire, Phlegm, detoxification.
7. "Plants were actually map": those who suffer from tooth pain, gum paste cut on its roots. And to kidney yin.
8. "Pieces of the new parameter": swelling drug Houbi, scattered bleeding, pain treatment.
9. Guangzhou force "Chinese Herbal Medicine Handbook": Qufeng, diuresis, heat, phlegm. Rheumatism pain, muscle strain, nephritis, edema, stomach pain, tuberculosis, swelling of unknown poison, snake bites.
10. "Rural Hunan Chinese Herbal Medicine Handbook": Qufeng detoxification, through the meridians.
11. "Medicine identification manual": detoxification, pain relief. Treatment of acute hepatitis, malaria, acute appendicitis, acute dysentery, snake bites, acute gastroenteritis, abdominal pain and other inflammatory.

[Excerpt] "Chinese Materia Medica"

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