Patrinia villosa

[ ].
From" Shen Nong's materia medica".
1" Wu general Materia Medica": Patrinia, like Platycodon grandiflorum, if their foul defeat miso.
2:" doctors don't record" Patrinia, born in Jiangxia valley. Adopted in August a root, dried.
3 Tao Hongjing: Patrinia, a shortcut, Ye Sixi slices, root shape and hu.
4" Tang Materia Medica": Patrinia, no shortcut, supernumerary post ridge, leaf water and Wei from clumping, scopolamine, yellow, violet as its root Chen Tan; Ye Shu doesn't like Herba slices also.
[ B, I ] Pinyin names Ji, n be
English name [ ] Dahurian Patrinia Herb Whiteflower Patrinia Herb, Herb of Dahurian Patrinia, Herb of Whiteflower Patrinia, Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch, Patrinia villosa Juss.
[ alias ] deer, deer, horse intestine first grass, Chak defeated, deer paste, acid benefits, Herba, lettuce, wild bitter vegetable vegetarian; bitter bean cowpea bean dregs; grass; grass; a Buddism godness Guanyin dish; white bitter, bitter, bitter vegetables as father, Mengcai, girl flower
[ source ]
Medicine source: valerianaceae plant Patrinia Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch and whole plant.
Latin animal mineral name: 1.Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch . Ex Trev.2.Parinia uillosa ( Thunb. ) Juss. [ Valeriana uillosa Thunb ]
Harvest and storage: Wild summer, autumn digging, growers in the year before the blossom harvest. Washed, dried.
[ ] the original morphology
1 of Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch perennial, high 70-1300cm. Underground rhizomes slender, recumbent, special breed odor. Basal leaves caespitose, with a long handle, flower leaf litter; cauline leaves opposite; handle long 1-2cm, upper leaves gradually sessile; leaf 2-3 to pinnatipartite, long 5-15cm, central lobe largest, elliptic or ovate, two lobes narrow oblong to linear, apex acuminate, leaf margin coarsely serrate, two sides is scanty by coarse hairs or glabrous. Cymose panicles integrated sparse and corymbose cymes, axillary or terminal; peduncle often only two opposite sides or only one side was thick hairs, base of inflorescence with linear involucral bracts 1 to, very small; flower diameter of about 3mm; calyx calyx teeth short, 5, inconspicuous; corolla yellow, the upper 5 crack, corolla tube short, inside with white hairy; stamens 4, and margin slightly flat, back to both sides by extending into narrow winglike. Flowering of 7-9 months, fr. 9-10.
2 Patrinia perennial, high 50-100cm. The roots have a special smell; stem and branches were thick white hair, hair fall off gradually. Basal leaves with petiole; leaves slightly longer; leaf blade broadly ovate or suborbicular, margin coarsely serrate; cauline leaves opposite; petiole length 1-3cm, upper asymptotic sessile; leaf blade ovate, ovate or rhombic narrow oval, long 4-11cm, 2-5cm wide, apex acuminate to narrow long acuminate, base cuneate decurrent, leaves 2 to pinnatifid, two sparsely strigose or subglabrous. Thyrses, integrated sparsely large corymbs; involucral leaves ovate-lanceolate; calyx is small, calyx teeth 5, inconspicuous; corolla white, about 5mm in diameter, crown tube short, apex 5 comprehension; stamens 4, protruding; ovary inferior, style slightly shorter than stamens. Achenes obovate, Su Cunbao adnate, bracts suborbicular, membranous, reticulate veins conspicuous.
[ ] habitat distribution
The ecological environment in hill Valley shrub edge: edge of forest, grassland and wet grassland.
Born in 2 in 500-800m elevation mountain meadow, forest margins in shrub.
Resource distribution: 1 located in the northeast, China, East China, Southern China and Sichuan rose, Guizhou.
2 located in the northeast, North China, East China, Southern China and southwest and other places.
Cultivated [ ]
Biological characteristics of hi slightly moist environment, high and cold, general land can be cultivated, but with a fat live sand loam with good.
Cultivation techniques for seed reproduction and breeding. Seed propagation: spring 3, April in a wide 1m bed planting, seeding, soil covering 0.5-1cm, after sowing, keep the soil moist, about half a month after emergence of seedlings emergence, when high 3-6cm can be thinner 1, May or 6 early transplant field. Division reproduction: 4-5 dig old lines, or the old lines around the seedling transplanting autogenous breakout. The line spacing is spacing for 30-40cm, 25-30cm, 2-3 strains in each hole seeding.
Field management during growth may dung 2-3.
[ character ]
Character identification ( 1) all often folded into a bundle of Patrinia scabiosaefolia fisch. Life stem cylindrical, bending, length 5-15cm, diameter 2-5mm, top up 9mm rough surface; cork, easy to fall off, violet Brown or dark brown, festival of uneven density, upper section having bud scars and root marks; section fibrous, central with brown wooden heart. A long conical or cylindrical, up to 10cm, diameter 1-4mm; surface has vertical stripes, yellow-white section. Stem diameter cylindrical, 2-8mm; surface yellow-green to or common brown, longitudinally angular and fine texture, has pendulous coarse wool. Cauline leaves much curled or broken, two sides is scanty by white, complete with multiple pinnatipartite or lobed, lobes 5-11, margin serrate; upper stem leaves smaller, often 3 crack. Company Limited branch terminal racemes or infructescences; flowers yellow. Achenes oblong, without membranous winged bracts. Gas specific, slightly bitter taste.
( 2) Patrinia rhizome short, ca. to 10cm, some with slender stolons, section smooth brown heartwood; stems, diameter up to 1.1cm, entire leaves ovate or oblong, indehiscent or base with 1 pairs of small lobes; flowers white; bracts membranous, with 2 main veins.
Microscopic identification of rhizome transverse: ( 1 ) of Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch left cortex visible, thick cell wall lignification, intermittent arranged in a ring. Cork layer as many columns of cork cells. Cortex a window, with fissures. The phloem cells of small, thin wall. Interfascicular cambium sometimes obvious. The xylem is broad, the central has more than 10 rows parenchyma cells line into the ring, cells are arranged in rows, or all five cell embolus inside, including a few clusters of crystal; band outer catheter 2-3 communities scattered in the inner catheter, distributed in single or 2-4 groups are arranged radially, cell often with yellow brown to material; wood ray wide 1-2 columns of cells. Pith parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate crystals. Old roots often into hollow pith. Parenchyma cells contain starch grains.
( 2) Patrinia in xylem parenchyma cells of pith without zoning; large; the LV parenchyma cells do not contain starch grains, calcium oxalate crystal rare.
Chemical composition of [ ]
Root, rhizome Patrinia Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch containing saponins ( patrino-side ) [1, 2], A1, B1, C1 Patrinia saponins, D1, E, F, G, H, J, K, L [3 ], the root of Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch saponins ( scabioside ) A, B, C, D, E [ 4], F, G [5 ], oleanolic acid - 3-O - A - L - pyran Arabia glucoside ( 3-O - A - L-arabinopyranosyloleanolic acid ), hederagenin - 3-O - A - L - pyran Arabia glucoside ( 3-O - A - L0arabinopyranosyl hederagenin ), hederagenin - 2-O acetyl 3-O - A - L - pyran Arabia glucoside ( 2-O-acetyl-3-O - A - L-arabinopyranosylhederagenin ) [6 ], hederagenin - 3-O - A - L - pyran Arabia sugar based - 28-O - beta - D glucopyranosyl base ( 1, 6) - beta - D - pyran glucoside [ 3-O - A - L-glucopyranoside], hederagenin - ( 2-O acetyl 3-O - A - L - pyran Arabia sugar based ) - 28-O - beta - D glucopyranosyl base ( 1, 6) - beta - D - pyran glucoside [ 2-O-acetyl-3-O - A - L-ara-binopyranosyl hederagenin-28-O - beta - D-glucopyranosyl ( 1, 6) - beta - D-glucopyranoside], 0 Acid - 3-O - beta - D glucopyranosyl base ( 1, 2) - A - L-rhamnopyranosyl ( 1, 2) - A - L - pyran Arabia glucoside [3-O - beta - D-glucopyra-nos YL ( 1, 3) - A - L-rhamnopyranosyl ( 1, 2) - A - L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid], oleanolic acid - 3-O - beta - D glucopyranosyl base ( 1, 2) - A - L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid], oleanolic acid - 3-O - beta - D glucopyranosyl base ( 1, 3 ) - A - L - pyran rhamnose base ( 1, 2) - A - L - pyran Arabia sugar based - 28-O - beta - D glucopyranosyl base ( 1, 6) - beta - D - pyran glucoside [3-O - beta - D-glucopyranosyl ( 1, 3) - L-rhamnopyranosyl ( - alpha 2) - A - L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid-28-O - beta - D-glucopyranosyl ( 1, 6) - beta - D-glucopyranoside] [7 ], oleanolic acid - 3-O - A - L - pyran rat sugar base ( 1, 2) - A - L - pyran Arabia glucoside [ 3-O - A - L-rhamnopyranosyl ( 1 - 2 ) ] - A - L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid], hederagenin - 3-O - A - D - pyran rhamnose base ( 1, 2) - A - L - pyran Arabia glucoside [ 3-O - A - L-rhamnopyranosyl ( 1, 2) - A - L-arabinopyranoyl hedera-genin] [8 ], oleanolic acid ( oleanolic, acid ) hederagenin ( hederage-nin ), beta sitosterol - beta - D - pyran glucoside ( beta - sitosterol - P - D-glucopyra-noside) [4 ], campesterol - D - glucoside ( campesterol-D-glucoside ) [ 6], scopoletin ( scopoletin ), Aesculetin ( esculotin ) [8 ], also contain volatile oil ( about 8% ).
The seed contains sulfuric acid saponins ( sulfapatrinoside ) of Patrinia villosa, II [10 ], ursolic acid - 3-O - A - L - pyran rhamnose base ( 1, 2) - A - L - pyran Arabia glucoside that Patrinia glycoside A-I [ 3-O - A - L-rhamnopyranosyl ( 1, 2) - A - L-rarbinopyranosyhursolic acid, Patrinia glycoside A I], oleanolic acid - 3-O - A - L - pyran rhamnose base ( 1, 2) of a - L - pyran Arabia glucoside, ursolic acid - 3-O - beta - D glucopyranosyl base ( 1, 3) of a - O - pyran Arabia glucoside [3-O - beta - D-glucopyranosyl ( 1 3) - A - L-ara-binopyranosylursolic acid], oleanolic acid - 3-O - beta - D glucopyranosyl base ( 1, 3) of a - L - pyran Arabia sugar base [3-O - beta - D-glucopyranosyl ( 1, 3) - A - L-ara-binopyranosyloleanoic acid], ursolic acid 3-O - A - L - pyran rhamnose base ( 1 - > 2 ) - [ beta - D glucopyranosyl base ( 1, 3) ] - A - L - pyran Arabia glycosides that Patrinia glycoside B-I
Pharmacological action [ ]
1 sedation: previously reported, northeast produce Astragalus Patrinia sedation, and that which contain saponins as its active ingredient. In recent years, further study to prove the ethanol extract of Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch or volatile oil oral, on mice have obvious sedative effects, and can strengthen the hypnotic effects of pentobarbital sodium. While steaming to volatile oil dregs extract and total saponins have sedative effects. The volatile oil in the main role of Patrinia Patrinia ene alkene and is different, isovaleric acid without sedation. Patrinia sedation than congeneric plant valerian strong one times above.
2: in vitro antibacterial effects of Patrinia extract against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, diphtheroid bacilli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, anthrax and Clostridium tetani then no effect. Patrinia Herb Decoction in the chick embryo on the inhibition of influenza virus is not clear.
3 other roles: Patrinia have promote the regeneration of liver cells, liver cells to prevent the degeneration of the function. Whether with its pier acid, worthy of study. Because of oleanolic acid have protective effects on the liver. Patrinia root hot water extract of 500 u g / ml in human uterine cervical cancer cell inhibition rate was 100%, while the reverse to normal cells promote proliferation.
4: Patrinia Root Anticancer Effect of hot water extract of intraperitoneal injection of tumor-bearing mice ( sarcoma - 180 ) inhibition of cancer cell growth rate of 57.4%.
[ ] to the toxicity of mice gavage of Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch extract 24g ( drug ) / KG; observation for 48 hours, no adverse reaction. Yellow Dragon shoots essence respectively with 320MG / KG, 600MG / KG, 1200MG / KG, which is equivalent to 400 of the amount of people, 700 and 1500 times, the feeding of mice for 7 days, no abnormal. Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch extract 30g / kg, orally, on mice with mild respiratory depression and mild purgative effect.
[ identify ] physicochemical identification ( 1) take the powder 1g, plus sections 10ml 10min distilled water, water bath heating, filtration. Filtrate test-tubes, sealing plug, strong shake 1min. Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch foam 15min disappear, Patrinia bubbles quickly disappear. ( check the saponin) ( 2) take the methanol extract 1ml, Fan Gan, 1ml glacial acetic acid to dissolve the residue, and 1ml acetic anhydride - concentrated sulfuric acid ( 19: 1), blending, slightly heated. Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch from yellow to purple, green and yellow Patrinia by changed to purplish red. ( check the three triterpenoid saponins ) ( 3) take the methanol extract several drops, to the magnetic white board, add 10% vanilla aldehyde solution a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid. Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch significant blue purple, Patrinia significant yellow brown. ( check and oil)
[ ] Patrinia Peat: herba preparation, the pot, with the fire to fry to black, spray a little water consumed, Mars, taken out, cool.
[ ] taste acrid in taste slightly cold; bitter;
[ ] to meridian rib; Colorectal; liver by
[ function ] detoxification; activating blood and pus. The main acute appendicitis; lung cancer; carbuncle swollen; diarrhea; postpartum stagnation abdominal pain
[ usage]: orally taken decoction, 10-15g. External: fresh goods amount, trace and apply the affected area.
[ note ]" Materia Medica": the words for a long time
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