Artichoke

[ source ] was first recorded in flora of Jiangsu"".
[ ] C, I J Pinyin name
English name [ ] Globe Artichoke
[ alias ] food tray artichoke, artichokes, at the thistle
[ source ]
Medicine source: as the Compositae artichoke leaves.
Latin animal mineral name: Cynara scolymus L.
Harvest and storage: the summer harvest, washed, dried.
[ ] the original morphology of artichoke perennial, high up to 2m. Stems erect, stout, with edges, upper branches, all stems are densely arachnoid tomentum or hair thinning. Leaves large, basal leaves rosulate; lower stem leaves are elliptic or broadly lanceolate, ca.1m, about 50cm in width, two back to pinnatisect, lower gradually narrow, with a long handle; central lobe and the upper stem leaves smaller, sessile or along the stems slightly decurrent, the upper part and the head shape inflorescence of lower leaves oblong or linear, up to5cm; all leaves of the above green, glabrous, white below, be dense or sparse hair, two back lobe apex or leaf apex without long hard acupuncture. Capitate maximum, student branch top; involucral bracts multilayer, rigid leathery, glabrescent, in outer involucral bracts acuminate at apex, but do not grow hard acupuncture, inner involucral bract apex with dural matter tablets; flowers purplish red, corolla about 4.5cm long, thin minister about 2.8cm, a minister is about 1.7cm, corolla column film about9mm. Achenes oblong,4ribbed, apex truncate; crested white, multilayer, ca.3.6cm, was just hairiness hair shape, tapering to the tip, base ministry united into a ring, the overall loss. Flowering6-7.
[ ] habitat distribution of our country Beijing, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Guangdong often cultivation. The origin of Haiti district.
Chemical composition of [ ]
The leaves contain cynarin ( cynarin ) [1], artichoke three glucoside (cy-narotrioside). The latter article by luteolin ( luteolin ) and 2molecule of glucose ( glu-cose ) and1 molecules of rhamnose ( rhamnose ). [2].
Also contain isochlorogenic acid ( isochlorogenic acid ), chlorogenic acid ( chlorogenic acid ), luteolin - 7 - glucoside ( luteolin-7-glucoside ) ( caffeic acid ), caffeic acid and quinic acid ( quinic acid ) [3].
[ ] in the pharmacological effects of thistle known as the gallbladder and liver protection effect, and has anti fatty liver function, can accelerate leaf extract on rat liver weight increase. Dish cnicin on Helazzq cancer cells cytotoxicity. In the fresh leaf extract concentrated granule thistle made for hepatitis, liver and gallbladder diseases, digestive system diseases, kidney disease and allergy; in addition, leaf removal of the protein by aqueous extracts, trade name Anghirol. Efficacy of the artichoke.
[ ] taste sweet; flat
[ function ] Shugan Lidan; purge damp heat. The main jaundice; extracellular hypochondriac distending pain; dysentery
[ usage]: orally taken decoction,6-15g.
[ ] the treatise" Xinhua outline of Materia Medica": leaf: for hepatitis.
Excerpts from" Chinese Materia Medica" [ ]

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