White and

[ ].
From the" 1".
2" Materia Medica":" Shu" through clouds, white and leaves resembling primary Ben palmetto and Veratrum; stems from a terminal, opened in April of July students; is ripe, black and yellow, winter carving; root like diamond, triangular, white, angle the firstborn bud. Today Shen Zhou. February, August production root.
The 3" Chinese Materia Medica" Commentaries: white, white and convergence, ancient and modern clothing bait party less useful, more common in and astringing sores in two, multiple phase should be.
4" schema":" don't record" famous with white, or white and also, the taste of functions are the same.
[ ] B I J Pinyin name 's grave
English name [ ] Common Bletilla Pseudobulb, Tuber of Common Bletilla, Tuber of Hyacinth Bletilla
[ alias ] sweet root, even and grass, root, white mortar, ice hockey, bird 's head, screw, claw seven, Millennium brown, Jun in her, a brown, white chicken, chap mouth medicine, Lee child
[ source ]
Medicine source: as Orchidaceae white and rhizome.
Latin animal mineral name: Bletilla striata ( Thunb. ) Reichb F [ Limodorum striata Thunb ]
Harvest and storage : planted after 3-4 years 9-10 months of digging, the rhizome of immersion is about 1H, cleaning dirt, in addition to a fibrous roots, boiled to inner surface without white heart when taking out, drying or Kang to surface dry hard not bonded, sulfur Huang Xun after 1 night, dried or Kang to dry, and then the surface must be hit to residues, to bright yellowish white, sieve to impurities.
[ ] the original morphology of white and, perennial, high 15-70cm. Rhizome ( or false bulb ) triangular flat spherical or irregular lozenge, succulent hypertrophy, rich, viscous, constant connected. Stems erect. Leaf 3-5, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate, long 8-30cm, 1.5-4cm wide, apex acuminate, base decurrent growth sheath, entire. Racemes terminal, 3-8 flower of flower, inflorescence axis length 4-12cm; bracts lanceolate, long 1.5-2.5cm, caducous; flowers purplish or reddish, diameter 3-4cm; sepals and petals equaling, narrowly oblong, long 2.8-3cm; labellum obovate, long 2.3-2.8cm, white or purple lines, the upper 3 cleft, lobes edge in wavy toothed, apex concave, central with 5 pleat, lateral lobes erect, encircle the column, slightly toward the middle lobe, but less than half of the stamen and pistil lobes; for the column, on both sides of a narrowly winged, stigma top with 1 stamens, anthers block 4, flat and long; ovary inferior, terete, twisted. Capsule is cylindrical, long 3.5cm, about 1cm in diameter, slightly pointed at both ends, with 6 longitudinal ribs. Flowering 4-5. Fr. 7-9.
[ ] habitat distribution
Ecological environment : in mountain, valley is moist.
Resource distribution: distribution of East China, South, southwest and Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Taiwan and other places.
Cultivated [ ]
Biological characteristics of likes the warm and humid climate, not cold-resistant. The election should loose, good drainage, fertile and more humid sandy loam, sandy soil and humus soil cultivation clamp, not in a poorly drained, viscous heavy soil plant.
Cultivation techniques for propagation of rhizomes. 9-10 harvest, selected was born with bud tuber and first year old bulbs and cut connecting students, according to the 33cm spacing opening holes, each hole deep 10-13cm, planted 3, shoots outward into the triangle, flat point. Each 1hm2 with stems about 225000. After growing pig muck water, and cover with pig slurry blocking ash or mature compost. The north in the late 4 's to the early 5, the first annual storage with bud stem cutting, according to the spacing 33cm X 17cm opening holes, each hole planted 1, soil 3-4cm, slightly repression, watering.
Field management weeding an annual 4, first 3-4 seedlings of Qi, second 5-6 vigorous growth period, third 8-9, fourth winter fall after seedling. Annual fertilizer 3 times, 2 times in weeding after with pig manure, water is best, third 8-9, available calcium superphosphate and compost retting, sprinkle on farmland, combining cultivation, mixed with soil. When bud bud extraction. Encounter drought to water. In first, 2 years after planting in winter, in rows can be intercropped season short vegetable.
[ character ]
Character identification of rhizome slightly irregular oblate or rhombic, 2-3 differences like palmate, long 1.5-5cm, thickness of 0.5-1.5cm. Surface grayish white or yellow-white, fine wrinkles, which has raised stem scars, here also has another tuber traces; to stem scars as center, a plurality of concentric annular ring of brown, brown punctate residual roots. Qualitative hard, not easy to be broken. Section of white, translucent, horny, can be seen scattered punctate bundle. Coarse powder with water that is expanded, with significant stick-slip, water solution is glia-like. Odorless, bitter taste, the chewing of a viscous. To a large, plump, white, translucent, solid is preferred.
Microscopic identification of characteristics: Yellow powder.
The gelatinization of starch grains containing the parenchyma cells with irregular pieces, Yu iodine liquid blue.
The mucous cells is very big, round or oval, approximately in diameter to 380 u m, contains calcium oxalate raphides, needle crystal long 18-88 M.
The epidermal cell surface view of irregular shape, anticlinal wall deep undulation, wall thickness of 3-6 m, lignified or micro lignified, obvious periclinal wall apertures, with sparse short slit-like pits; sectional view square, being thicker cuticle.
The mesothelial cell type of polygonal, walls slightly curved, some with bulbous thickening, petrified wood.
The fiber long fusiform, wall lignified, with diagonal holes or intersect adult character; fiber bundles surrounding small square cells contained round silicon block. In addition, there is a scalariform, pitted and threaded conduit.
[ ] tuber chemical composition containing dibenzyl compounds: 3, 3 ' - two hydroxy - 2', 6 ' - double ( on - hydroxyl benzyl ) - 5 - methoxy dibenzyl [3, 3' - dihydroxy-2 ', 6' - bid ( p-hydroxybezyl ) - 5-methoxy bibenzyl], 2, 6 double ( - hydroxyl benzyl ) - 3, 5 - two methoxy - 3 - hydroxy dibenzyl [2, 6-bis ( p-hydroxybenzyl ) - 3 ', 5-dimethoxy-3-hydroxybibenzyl], 3, 3' - two hydroxy - 5 - methoxy - 2, 5, three ( 6 - to - hydroxyl benzyl ) joint benzyl [3, 3 ', 5 ' - dihydroxy-5-methoxy-2, 6-tris ( p-hydroxybenzyl ) bibenzyl] 3, 3 ', 5 - methoxy dibenzyl ( 3, 3, 5-trimethoxybibenzyl ), 3, 5 - two methyl hydrazine benzyl ( 3, 5-dimethoxybibenzyl ); two oxygen phenanthrene compounds: 4, 7 - two hydroxy 1 - to - hydroxyl benzyl - 2 - methoxy - 9, 10 - two hydrogen film (4, 7-dihydroxy-1-p-hydroxybenzyl-2-methoxy-9, 10-dihydropenanthrene ), 4, 7 - two hydroxy - 2 - methoxy - 9, 10 - two hydrogen film (4, 7-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-9, 10-Dihydrophenanthrene ), 3 - ( - hydroxyl benzyl ) - 4 - methoxy - 9, 10 - two hydrogen Fe - 2, 7 - glycol [3 - ( p-hydroxybenzyl ) - 4-methoxy-9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene-2, 7-diol], 1, 6 - double ( on - hydroxyl benzyl ) - 4 - methoxy - 9, 10 - two hydrogen Fe - 2, 7 - glycol [1, 6-bis ( p-hydroxyben ZYL ) - 4-methoxy-9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene-2, 7-diol], 2, 4, 7 - methoxy - 9, 10 - two hydrogen film (2, 4, 7-trimethoxy-9, 10-Dihydrophenanthrene ); coupling phenanthrene compounds: white and the Philippines ( blestriarene ) A, B, C, white and high alcohol ( blestrianol ), A B, C; double phenanthrene ethers: white and bis-phenanthrene ether (blestrin ) A, B, CD; two hydrogen phenanthrene benzopyran compounds: white and two hydrogen phenanthrene benzopyran phenol ( bletlol ) A, B, C; with spironolactone phenanthrene derivatives: white and high alcohol (blespirol ).; phenanthrene glucoside compounds: 2, 7 - two hydroxy - 4 - methoxy Fe - 2-O - glucoside ( 2, 7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2-O-glucoside ), 2, 7 - two hydroxy - 4 - methoxy Fe - 2, 7-O - two glucoside ( 2, 7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2, 7-O-diglucoside ), 3, 7 - two hydroxy - 2, 4 - two methoxy Fe - 3-O - glucoside ( 3, 7-dihycroxy-2, 4-dimethoyxphenanthrene-3-O-glucoside ), 2, 7 - two hydroxy 1 - ( 4 ' - hydroxyl benzyl ) - 9, 10 - two hydrogen Fe - 4-O - glucoside [2, 7-dihydroxy-1 - ( 4 - hydroxybenzyl ) - 9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene-4-glucoside]; other phenanthrene compounds: 1 - to - hydroxyl benzyl - 4 - Methoxy Fe - 2, 7 - glycol ( 1-p-hydroxybenzyl-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2, 7-diol ), 1, 8 - double ( on - hydroxyl benzyl ) - 4 - methoxy Fe - 2, 7 - glycol [1, 8-bis ( p-hydroxybenzyl ) - 4-methoxyphenanthrene-2, 7-diol], 2, 4, 7 - methoxy Fe ( 2, 4, 7-trimethoxyphenanthrene ), 2, 3, 4, 7 - Sijia oxygen poor (2, 3, 4, 7-ttetramethoxyphenanthrene ); benzyl compounds: yam hormone (batatasin) of 3 ' - O - methyl yam primes ( 3 - O-methylbatatasin ) III; anthracene derivatives: emodin monomethyl ether ( physcioin ). Contains acid components: of p-hydroxybenzoic acid ( p-hydroxybenzoic acid ), protocatechuic acid ( protocatechuic acid ), cinnamic acid ( cinnamic acid ); aldehyde: p-hydroxy benzaldehyde ( p-hydroxybenzaldehyde ). Other fresh tubers contain Bletilla glucomannan ( bletillamannan ), is composed of 4 mannose ( mannose ) and 1 glucose ( glucose ) comprising glucomannan.
Pharmacological action [ ]
1: the hemostatic effect of white roots and ground into a fine powder or white and decocting the colloidal fluid mixed with starch, dry grind end, in dog liver line hemostasis tests, 7 only have 6 things in 6 minutes to the satisfaction of the hemostatic effect; by pure starch or starch sponge hemostatic, poor effect. Hemostasis tests after 8-27 days will kill a dog examination, 7 in addition to 1 infection, the rest of the bleeding site were associated with greater omentum adhesions, connective tissue reactions were mild, and examined under a microscope, tissue reactions were also slightly. Water extract of gauze or water extract by low-temperature drying or spray drying into powder covering in dog liver, spleen and liver or thigh muscle line hemostasis tests, bleeding can be stopped immediately, liver resection or muscle transection causes of bleeding, even if the wound oozing a lot, also can not be rushed. The animal body temperature in test before and after 3 days without big changes, from tissue biopsies, white and on local reaction of very small, about fifth days can be absorbed, all animals were not using antibiotics, did not occur suppurative. White and decoction concentrated paste by adding 0.2% sodium usnic acid and 0.4% of berberine hydrochloride, dry powder, the liver of the rabbit, dog liver and femoral artery of hemorrhage, it has also obvious hemostatic effect. White and hemostatic effect of colloidal components associated with its, its action principle may be physical. White and fluid is injected into the frog inferior vena cava, visible peripheral intravascular red cell agglutination, formed artificial thrombus, and vascular repair defect of the action, and not to the larger intravascular blood flow occlusion. Rabbits by test tube method and capillary tube method showed that intravenous injection of 2% white and glue 1.5ml / kg, can significantly shorten the clotting time and prothrombin time, and acceleration of erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
2 gastric mucosa protection function: 2.1. On hydrochloric acid induced gastric mucosal injury in rats: protective effect of white and decoction can significantly reduce 0.6mol / L hydrochloric acid induced gastric mucosal injury in rats, which are the cells protective effect. 1% white and decoction on 1.5ml / only gavage, HCl intragastrically induced gastric mucosal injury in rats with protection function. White and decoction on rat gastric secretion, the total acidity of gastric juice were not significantly affected, the gastric acid output increases with the stomach; endogenous prostaglandin synthesis blockade of indomethacin, turning white and cell protective effect. Therefore, white and decoction on gastric mucosal protection mechanism is not through the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, and probably the stimulation of mucosal synthesis and release of endogenous prostaglandins and realization. That 1% white and decoction for stimulation of the gastric mucosa prostaglandin synthesis are insufficient to significant inhibition of gastric acid secretion, prompting produce gastric mucosal cytoprotection required PG volume is far less than the required amount of inhibition of gastric acid secretion.
2.2. On experimental gastric, duodenal perforation therapeutic effects in anesthetized dogs: on the lesser curvature of the stomach and duodenum first anterior wall of all artificial perforation of a, diameter is about 1cm, poured into the white and pink 9g, 15 seconds after the two perforation are white and the plug, 40 seconds after that, duodenal perforation for greater omentum cover for animals, the awakening, mild activity when injected into stomach gruel, again by 500ml, observed two hole there is leakage. The mesenteric vascular infusion of 10% sodium chloride 20ml, gastric motility, enhanced obviously increased, no leakage of contents. After 8 hours had the second, intraperitoneal no stomach contents, peritoneal exudate rarely, culture negative. But if the dog first gorge or large perforations, then wear white and without a hole blocking effect. This effect may be white and the highly viscous, in the stomach to form a certain thickness of the gelatinous membrane, so that the piercing plug, the contents of the stomach to stop leakage, omental, liver and other covering the role resulted in more favorable conditions.
3 prevention of experimental animal intestinal adhesion: healthy rabbit after open appendectomy seromuscular layer of dense stitch, simulated clinical common with infection, ischemia, foreign bodies and trauma factors adhesion model. Results using white and sol peritoneal perfusion in the rabbit, there are only 2 no adhesion, adhesion and adhesion occurs even if the number of area were significantly less than dextran group and control group, that the prevention of intestinal adhesion is effective
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