Plumbago zeylanica

[ source ] from the" raw herbal preparation to".
[ ] B I Hu Pinyin name 's D. N.
[ alias ] Hill Ling, false jasmine, duct, stem and bird face, horse, snow white, Wild Alfalfa Li, linen, betel nut, as thousands of separated medicine, betel nut, day white soap medicine, medicine, disappear, white soap at white rock tuo, white nine cattle, white iron Lohan, Yu Xiaohua, fire Dan, fierce tiger
[ source ]
Medicine source: as the Plumbaginaceae plumbago zeylanica entire grass plant or root.
Latin animal mineral name: Plumbago zeylanica L.
Harvest and storage: the year may collect, cutting use fresh or dried.
[ ] the original form of creeping perennial herbs subshrublike, high 2-3m. Stems stout, woody at base, much branched, have fine edge, with red section, in addition to glandular outside, glabrous. Leaves alternate; petiole basally broadened and amplexicaul; leaf blade papery, ovate to ovate-elliptic, length 4-10cm, width 1.5-5cm, apex acute, base broadly cuneate, glabrous, margin entire. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, long 5-25cm; bracts shorter than calyx, margin scarious; calyx tubular, green, ca. 1cm, the upper 5 crack, with 5 edges, edges between the scarious, outside glandular, sticky; corolla white or white with blue, salverform, tube narrowly long, about 2cm long, apex 5 crack, expansion; stamens 5, inserted in throat; ovary superior, 1 rooms, post 5 crack. Capsule membranous. Flowering in October to March the following year, fruit period from February to April the following year.
[ ] habitat distribution
Ecological environment: in hot climates, common in wet ditches or village street space.
Resource distribution: distribution in the southwest and Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places.
[ character ]
Character identification is elongated taproot cylindrical, much branched, up to 30cm long, about 5mm in diameter, slightly bent, upper bearing numerous rootlets, surface grayish brown or brownish yellow. Stem diameter cylindrical, 4-6mm, branched, surface yellowish green to pale brown, festival, with fine longitudinal ribs; hard, easily broken, section of skin is fibrous, pale yellow. Intermediate granular. Yellowish white pith white. Leaf blade were broken, to complete the flattened oval or oblong-ovate, length 4-9cm, width 3-6cm; above, pale green to yellow green, pale green to yellowish green below. Spicate top is unripe, calyx tubular, with stalked glands, flowers white to pale yellow. Gas micro, spicy taste.
Microscopic identification of root transection: the phellem cell series, containing brown yellow substance. Cortical parenchyma cells contain more than 10 columns, starch grains and brown lumps; cortical fibers distributed in single or bundles. Vascular collateral type. Phloem fiber bundle. Layer is formed into a ring. Xylem of multiple single radial arrangement; wood ray width 1-2 cells in a column, the wall thickness of wood fiber, wood.
The transverse section of the stem: epidermal cell 1, outer cuticle. Skin medial with collenchyma, cortex have secretory cells, including the brown substance; medial fibers, 2-5 columns arranged in a ring, undulate, wall thickening. Vascular collateral type. Pith from the parenchyma cells.
Ye Heng: section on each of the 1 columns, epidermal cell, cell flat round or square, epidermal cells under low. By the horny layer, palisade cells 1-2 column, spongy parenchyma cells contain brown substance. Main veins raised above, the following significant protrusions, epidermal medial have collenchyma. The main vein vascular collateral type, 4-7, and blades are arranged in a vertical, longitudinal.
Powder characteristics: Yellow green. The starch granule is more, single particle stay round, oval or irregular shape, the diameter of 3-11-14-20p m, layer and umbilical point is not obvious, a complex particle. The pore ring type, accessory cell 3, nearly equal size. The leaf surface view of chalk gland are round square, the diameter of 30-50 ~ M. The calyx tube trichome with long stalked, large head, gland cells, dilated spherical or oval; gland handle multicellular, rectangular, arranged in 10 columns. The pollen grain of spherical or oval, with 3 clear channel, outer wall carving mesh, mesh shape, diameter 60-90pm. The reticulate, margin lines and thread the catheter diameter 10-30 M. The fiber is slender, apex obtuse or a spindle, the diameter of 10-30 / m, 3-5 wall thickness of M, cell and apertures marked. ( Fig 4 )
Chemical composition of [ ]
The root contains plumbagin ( plumbagin ), 3 - chlorine plumbagin ( 3chloroplumbagin ), 3, 3 - double plumbagin ( 3, 3 ' - biplumbagin ) [1, 2], sundew quinone ( droserone ), elliptone (elliptinone), isozeylanone ketone of Plumbago zeylanica ) [2 ], plumbago zeylanica ketone ( Zeylanone ), 3, 6 ' - double plumbagin ( chitranone ), the horse for persimmon quinone (maritinone ), 2 - methyl - 5, 8 - two hydroxy naphthoquinone ( 2ethylnaphthazarin ), methylene - 3, 3 ' - double plumbagin ( methylene-3, 3 Biplumbagin [ ' ) 3], plumbagin ( Plumbazeylanone ) [3, 4], different persimmon naphthalene ketone (isoshinanolone) and 1, 2 ( 3) - four hydrogen - 3, 3 ' - double plumbagin [1, 2 ( 3) Tetrahydro-3, 3 ' - biplumbagin] and sterols ( Sitosterol ) [5 ]. On the separation of 3, 6 ' - double plumbagin [6 ], lupeol ( lupeol ), alpha and beta amyrin ( alpha, beta - amyrin ), dandelion sterols (taraxasterol) and PSI - Dandelion sterols (or taraxasterol ) [7 ].
The herb contains plumbagin, beta sitosterol, homovanillic acid ( vanillic acid ) [8 ] and Plumbagic acid ( Plumbagic acid ) [8, 9].
[ ] pharmacological effects of plumbagin epsilon on frogs, mice, rabbits in the central nervous system stimulant, large by excited into paralysis; the minimum lethal dose, frog is 0.5mg / g, 0.1mg / g mice, rabbit is 10mg / kg. On breath, blood pressure has a mild inhibition. Buck was due to peripheral vasodilation and direct inhibition of cardiac vagus nerve caused by, and has nothing to do. On isolated frog heart have a direct role in paralysis, heartbeat stops expansion period. On isolated intestine and uterus, small in volume after the first excitement excitement, paralysis, large amounts of a start is paralytic effect; the gravid uterus especially sensitive, on isolated rabbit uterus 0.000001% at a concentration of excitatory effect, while the 0.00001% concentration is suppressed; on pregnancy in rats by intraperitoneal injection of appropriate doses can cause fetal death and secondary ovarian dysfunction. La pine is known as unpleasant, corrosive hard taste, can be used for foam or cure some skin parasites. In addition, there are still some antibacterial effects. The root of the chloroform extract against Staphylococcus aureus has obvious antibacterial effect ( Oxford cup method), on Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri also have certain inhibition, petroleum ether extract of ethanol extract, a water extract, no antibacterial effect. The root contains plumbagin 1: 100000 against several pathogenic fungi have inhibition.
[ ] the toxic dose toxicity can cause respiratory depression, decreased blood pressure and cardiac arrest.
[ ] the bitter taste of spice;; and; wet; toxic
[ function ] Qufeng desiccant; Qi and activating blood circulation; alexipharmic detumescence. The main rheumatic arthralgia; heart stomach pain; hepatosplenomegaly; blood stasis; traumatic sprain; carbuncle scrofula; scabies itch; snake bites
[ usage]: orally taken decoction, 9-15g. External: moderate, washed fried; or trace and apply; or rubbed.
[ note ] Guangzhou forces" commonly used Herbal Handbook:" pregnant woman forbids.
[ ] the discussion
1" herbs of preparing to": bulk sores, detumescence, expelling wind. Treatment of snakebites, dysentery syndrome, to mask, windward tears wipe; scab toads, detoxification with mya.
2" south of the Five Ridges": the old record leaves Daolan deposited fell wounded, to blood stasis.
3" Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicines:" treat tuberculosis injury hematemesis, weak belt and cough heart tired.
4 Guangzhou troops" commonly used Herbal Handbook:" dispelling wind and dampness, stasis detumescence. Root: for rheumatoid arthritis, chronic joint sprain, heart and stomach pain.
Excerpts from" Chinese Materia Medica" [ ]
http://chinese-herbal-medicines-directory.blogspot.com/