August Sapporo

[Source] from the "Pieces of the new parameters."

[Pinyin] Bá Yuè Zhá

[English name] Fruit of Fiverleaf Akebia, Fruit of austral Akenia, Fruit of Threeleaf Akebia

[Alias] animal weed son, take the child, the child rafter Im, cover son, August quince, Akebia son, Yajing son, August melon, predict child, August bombing, August fruit, Hundred Days melon, melon vine pull , left-bag, pulling fruit, fragrant wild cross, sheep openings, wax melon.

[Source]
Medicine-based source: Akebia plants Akebia Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne, Akebia A.trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz.var.australis (Dies). Rehd.'s Ripe fruit.
Latin name of plant and animal fossil: 1.Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne.2.Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. [Clematistrifoliata Thunb.] 3.Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz.var.australis (Diels) Rehd.Trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz.var. Australis (Diels) Rehd., Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz., Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne.
Harvesting and storage 8-September without cracking when picking ripe fruit, with a rope put on dry, avoid piling up, so as not to heat rotten, or thoroughly soak in boiling water before drying.

[Original form]
1. Akebia deciduous woody shrub of the winding, long 3-15cn, whole plant glabrous. Shoots gray-green, with vertical lines. Palmate compound leaves, small leaves 5, obovate or elliptic, 3-6cm, often emarginate to tip round with a fine, short tip, base rounded or wedge-shaped, entire. Short raceme axillary, flowers unisexual, monoecious; 1-2 flower inflorescence at the base of the female students, the upper part of the dense and smaller male students; take up 3; male flowers with stamens 6; female flowers larger, there pistil 2-13 from students. Fruit fleshy, berry-like, oblong, or slightly kidney-shaped, both ends of the round, about 8cm, diameter of 2-3cm, cooked purple, soft, cracking along the ventral suture. Most seeds, eggs and a little longer flat, black or dark brown. Flowering April to May, fruit ripening in August.
2. Akebia with a kind of similar. The main point of difference: for the three compound leaves; leaflets oval, wide oval or long oval, length and width vary greatly, apex obtuse, emarginate or with a short tip, base rounded or wedge-shaped, sometimes slightly heart-shaped, lobed or edge wave was loaded, lateral veins 5-6 pairs.
3. Shiraki through the variant form and Akebia similar, but the leaflets entire, thick texture.

[Habitat distribution]
Environment: Born in the hillside, valley, creek, etc. of the trees and bushes.
Distribution of resources: 1. Located in Shaanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places.
(2) located in Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Henan, and parts of the Yangtze River.
3 located in the southwest and Shanxi, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong and other places.

[Culture] the product of wild

[Character]
Character identification (1) Akebia fruit oblong or kidney-shaped, slightly curved, long 3-9cm, diameter 1.5-3.5cm; the surface of earth brown, with irregular longitudinal wrinkles reticulate, apex obtuse, base stems marks ; quality solid and heavy, fruit flesh white, pink; Most seeds, slightly triangular, purple, slightly flat surface. Gas slightly fragrant, bitter taste.
(2) Akebia fruit oblong or slightly kidney-shaped, long 3-8cm, diameter of 2-3cm; surface of the light gray-brown or yellow-brown, with irregular vertical mesh of wrinkles, fine wrinkles immature person, apex obtuse sometimes seen round the stigma residues, slightly concave base of the stalk with a circular scar; fruit quality leather, thick. Cross-section of light gray yellow, there are many seeds, including management within the white fruit pulp; fruit micro gas smell and taste slightly astringent. Seed prolate oval or irregular triangle, slightly flattened, width 5mm, thickness 2mm; surface reddish brown or dark brown, shiny, dense fine textured, apex slightly pointed, base rounded, hilum slightly to one side , the next visible white kinds Fu; kinds of thin, oily; embryo small, about 1mm, located near the base end; gas faint, bitter, greasy feeling.
(3) white wood oval or elliptical through the fruit, about 8cm, diameter 3-3.5cm; the surface of microdisplay brown, smooth or textured with coarse longitudinal wrinkles, and more small cracks. Goods are sometimes cut into vertical pieces, peel slightly smooth, slightly concave to the fruit flesh gray soil, wood; seed triangle-shaped, purple, dense surface of thin vertical stripes. In full, fat, heavy quality, yellow, wrinkled skin, uniform size without cracking preferred.
Microscopic identification of Akebia fruit cross-section: an exocarp epidermal cells, occasionally pores; under the cut to extend under the skin of yellow-brown cells 3-5 columns, walls slightly thickened. Mesocarp of varying sizes of stone for the foreign cells and fibers, in groups arranged in the ring, small stone cells, cell cavity often calcium oxalate crystals; inner parenchyma cells between the stone base there, and a few scattered vascular bundles. Endocarp of a flat cell. Brown seed coat epidermal cells, wall thickness, outside the thick cuticle; the number of columns cut to extend under the yellow-brown oval-shaped thick-walled cells, parenchyma cells and several columns. Endosperm and aleurone cells, oil droplets. Cotyledon cells, oil drops.
Powder characteristics: yellow-brown. ① stone cells polygonal, round or circular, diameter 30-106μm, chest often contain calcium oxalate prism, a long 6-13μm, width of 8μm. ② fiber wall thickness. Cavity narrow thin, often accompanied with stone cells. ③ starch grains numerous, single-particle spherical diameter of 6-14μm, umbilical little bit like. ④ brown seed coat cells, short fibrous, fine pits significantly. ⑤ endosperm cells polygonal, in vague powder.

Chemical Composition】 【payment acid peel with Sarkozy -3-- rhamnose Jia Arabia glycosides [oleanolic acid-3-OaL-rha (1 → 2)-aL-arabinopyranoside], Ivy sapogenin -3-- xylose-based Arab-glucoside [hederagenin-3-O-β-D-xyl (l → 3)-aL-arabinopyranoside], Ivy sapogenin -3-- rhamnose Jia Arabia glycosides [hederagenin-3-OaL-rha (1 →)-aL-arabinopyranoside], oleanolic acid -3-- glucose Jia Arabia glycosides [oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D-glu (1 → 2)-aL-arabinpyoside], Ivy sapogenin -3 - Uncle Sugar -28-- rhamnose glucose Intuit base two [3-OaL-ara-hederagenin-28-OaL-rha (1 → 4)-β-D-glu (l → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside ], oleanolic acid -3-- rhamnose Jia Arabia sugar -28-- rhamnose-based two glucoside [3-OaL-rha-L-rha (l → 2) aL-ara-oleanolicacid-28-OaL- rha (l → 4)-β-D-glu (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] Ivy sapogenin -3-- rhamnose Jia Arabia sugar -28-- rhamnose-based two glucoside [3 - OaL-rha (1 → 2)-aL-ara-hederagenin-28-OaL-rha (1 → 4)-β-D-glu (l → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside], Ivy sapogenin -3 - Jia rhamnose xylose-based Arab-glucoside [hederagnin-3-O-β-D-xyl (1 → 3)-aL-rha (1 → 2)-aL-arabinopyranoside], Ajiang Terminalia acid (arjunolic acid) , 20 (29) dehydrogenase -30-- down Ajiang Terminalia acid [20 (29)-dehydro-30-norarjunolic acid], down Ajiang Terminalia acid -28-- rhamnose-based two glucose-type norarjunolic acid-28-OaL-rha (1 → 4)-β-D-glu (l → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, Ajiang Terminalia acid -28-- rhamnose xylose-based base two glucoside [arjunolic acid-28-O-β-D -xyl (1 → 3)-aL-rha (1 → 4)-β-D-glu (l → 6) β-D-hlucopyranoside]. Seeds contain saponin (saponino) AQ-A, AQ-B, AQ-C, AQ-D, AQ-E, AQ-F, AQ-G; also contain fatty oil, which contains triolein main, linolenic acid glyceride and palmitic acid ester.

Physical and chemical identification [identify] (l) Foam test: Take a small amount of powder, plus 10 times the amount of water, fully shake, resulting in a large number of persistent foam. (Check saponins) (2) hemolysis test: 1% diluted with normal saline access to fresh rabbit blood, 1ml, along the wall added to the product of the leaching of saline solution (1:3) number, rapidly hemolysis. (Check the soap-type) (3) of this product a small amount of dry powder, white board set dropping concentrated sulfuric acid, the first yellow-brown, then red and finally blue. (Check the soap type)

[Processing] wash, dip slightly, to thoroughly moistening, sliced ​​and dried. Or washed and dried, when broken up with.

[Taste] ignorant of the bitter, flat. The liver, stomach, bladder.

】 【Go through the liver; stomach

【Indications】 liver and stomach, blood, pain, Endometriosis, and diuresis. Main hepatogastric qi stagnation, abdominal, threatening help the pain, diet Needless, they vent diarrhea, hernia pain, back pain, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, M. scrofulaceum gall tumors, malignant tumors.

Dosage Oral: Jian Tang ,9-15g; large doses can be used 30-60g; or soaked in wine.

[Note] pregnant careful service

[Square] with 1 treatment lymphatic: August Sapporo, Rosa laevigata, Lygodium root of 42, days ambrette eighty-two. Decoction points three days served. (Su Medicine "herbal Manual") 2. Treatment of gastrointestinal swelling nausea: Akebia root or fruit one or two, decoction. ("Zhejiang people used herbs")

[1] each discussed. Choi Woo-suk "Cuisine": eat to the light (sputum) of water, just under Chibai Lee. 2 Meng Shen: thick stomach, it can eat, under the triple burner, in addition to foul smells, and the child eat better. Through the twelve meridians. 3. "Herbal Supplements": Lee toilet, Nobumichi to Fanre, food is the heart of the wide, thirst, under the gas. 4. "Diet herbal medicine": the main heat off appetite, nausea less than food, in addition to triple burner off heat. 5. "Materia Medica words": the honey water, cooking, heat treatment Jinkou dysentery. 6. "Nanjing folk medicine": lumbago. 7. "Sichuan Chinese Medicine Chi": liver, kidney satisfied. Treatment of bladder hernia, hematemesis. 8. "Medicine study": Li Qi, blood, pesticides, detoxification and pain relief. For liver and stomach gas pain, hypochondriac pain, menstrual pain embolism. 9. "Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine": liver and kidney, spleen and stomach. Cure indigestion, abdominal pain, Xie Li, hernia, uterus fall.

Clinical application] treatment of ureteral stones: take wax melon, urine beads (Coixlachryma a jobi.) 2 of the two, 5 bowls of water, fry 2 of the bowl, to the residue, sugar, divided 2 of the second service. 30 patients were cured (stone discharge, symptoms, X-ray shadow stones disappeared) in 19 cases, progressive (stone position decreased) 2 cases, (stone location did not change) 9 cases, the total efficiency of 70%, ranked stone rate of 63.3%. To speed up the discharge of ureteral stones, can be regularly integrated new needle (Sanyinjiao, Yin Ling Quan, Shenshu), oral 654-2 (Anisodus), Hydrochlorothiazide plug and drink lots of water, and other measures to strengthen activities to promote stone discharge. 20 patients were cured (standard with the former) in 10 cases, progress in 5 cases, ineffective in 5 cases. Effective rate was 75%, 50% row of stone. If urinary tract infection complicated by ureteral stones: ureteral mucosal edema, in addition to the above comprehensive measures, can wax melon. Urine add Duchesnea square beads, bar owned by the five board money. 15 patients were cured in 12 cases, 3 cases, rows of stone was 80%. Attack of colic in ureteral stones, stones that the location of a mobile, then adopt comprehensive measures, can accelerate the row of stone; combination of these measures are sometimes used to be repeated several times in order to play a role. For patients with hypertension, serving wax melon, urine beads decoction, while simultaneously taking antihypertensive drugs until blood pressure returned to normal, and then periodically adopt comprehensive measures. Generally stones 1cm in diameter or less, behind stone likely.

[Excerpt] "Chinese Materia Medica"

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