Ailanthus altissima

[ source ] from the" resistance" on";1": Chinese materia medica through piles of wood, wood, wood shaped stem Ailanthus, two are similar, but the piles of wood and Ye Xiang can eat, Ailanthus wood scanty and smell, meal, also can make the gas. Beiren call Ailanthus mountain Chun, Jiang man called bittersweet fruit, leaf and has marks such as an oscillator, such as eyes, therefore this.
[ ] Ch Pinyin name reports the B 's I P Golf
English name [ ] Tree-of-heaven Ailanthus Bark, Tree of heaven Ailanthus
[ alias ], Ailanthus Ailanthus altissima Skin, bitter chunpi.
[ source ]
Medicine source: Simaroubaceae Ailanthus altissima root bark or bark of trunk.
Latin animal mineral name: Ailanthus atissima ( Mill. ) Swingle [ Toxicodendron altissima Mill ]
Harvest and storage: spring, summer stripping bark root or stem bark, scrape or scraping the rough skin, cut sheet or wire, dried.
[ ] the original morphology of Ailanthus altissima deciduous trees, high up to 20m. Bark smooth and straight shallow crack, twigs, russet, puberulous. Odd pinnate leaflets alternate, long 45-90cm;13-25, after rubbing the smell, ovate-lanceolate, long 7-12cm,2-4.5cm wide, apex acuminate, base obliquely truncate, margin entire, only the base usually have1-2 to coarsely serrate, teeth top back has1 glands. Inflorescences terminal; flowers polygamous, white with green; male flowers have10 stamens; ovary5carpels, stigmas5 crack. Samara oblong-elliptic, long 3-5cm. Flowering4-5month, fruit is ripe period8-9.
[ ] habitat distribution
Ecological environment: can drought-tolerant, alkali-resistant, often cultivated for street trees.
Resource distribution: distribution a few throughout the country.
Cultivated [ ]
Biological characteristics of likes the warm and humid climate, high temperature resistant, resistant to cold, drought, salinity, tolerance, wet shade. With plenty of sunshine, the soil deep, loose and fecund, good drainage in the sandy loam or loam soil cultivation is appropriate.
Cultivation techniques for seed propagation, seedling transplanting method: spring, autumn, winter can be planted. According to drilling, spaced 25cm ditching, the seeds are uniformly sow fire cover to cover, the fine soil, no seed for the degree, a little repression, cover grass, watering. About the3-4d emergence, seedling height0.8-1m, can be transplanted. According to the spacing4m x 4m to open the hole, hole diameter1m, hole bottom the manure 1layer, soil10cm, will plant planted, to fill, and the plant to a mention, allowing roots stretch, then enter the sureness, watering.
Field management sapling stage with grain, vegetables, medicinal herbs such as intercropping. Every year, cultivating3-4 times, combining the topdressing earthy miscellaneous fertilizer can be applied, ditching ring.
Pest and disease control disease powdery mildew, leaf spot disease and pests; Ailanthus moth, moth, Philosamia Cynthia Cao Hun yellow spot clothing, leather shoes control wax cicada.
[ character ]
Character identification of root bark flat pieces or irregular volume sheet, a long wide, thick 2-5( - 10) mm, outer surface to grayish yellow or yellow brown, rough, lenticels conspicuous, longitudinally extending, micro-projection, sometimes outside cork spalling, pale yellow-white; inner surface is pale yellow, relatively flat, with small prismatic spots or holes. Hard brittle fracture surface, strong fibrous, easy separation and skin. Micro oil stench gas, broken even, bitter in taste. Dry skin was flat block,3-5mm thick or thicker; the outer surface of dark grey to black, with irregular longitudinal fissure, lenticels, to cork in pale yellow; fracture surface particle. The rough skin, flesh, faceted white is preferred.
Microscopic identification of the root bark of transverse: cork cells tangentially extending, neatly arranged, thick dozens of column, whose inner side is provided on the stone cell group. Phloem has come or occasionally distributed in single fiber and stone cell group. Stone cell24-30 diameter m, length of up to150 m, wall very thick, yellow, apertures, some contain calcium oxalate crystal. More fiber,20-40/ m diameter, wall thickness, wood. Ray2-4 wide columns of cells, the external expansion of trumpet-shaped; some parenchyma cells with calcium oxalate crystal and crystal group.
Powder characteristics: root bark powder pale yellow. The stone cells of yellow, graph, square, rectangular or irregular shape, the diameter of 24-30m, long and up to150 m, wall very thick, clear cell apertures, often with calcium oxalate crystal. The20-40/ M fiber diameter, wall thickness, wood end, have wavy or toothed protrusions. The calcium oxalate crystal diameter 15-50m, square crystal were polyhedral or double cone, the diameter of 11-50~ M. The starch grains and small diameter,2-14m, for single particle, there is also2-3grain composition compound grain, umbilical point crack shape, bird shape or stellate, layer is not obvious. Dry skin characteristics and root bark is similar, but the stone cells, calcium oxalate crystal with square root bark as much, and calcium oxalate crystal less.
[ ] chemical constituents of bark contains ailanthone ( ailanthone ), Ailanthus altissima bitter lactone ( amarolide ),11 - acetyl Ailanthus altissima bitter lactone (11-acetyl amarolide ), quassin (quassin), new quassin (neoquassine) etc.. The root bark of Ailanthus altissima bitter lactone, containing11- acetyl Ailanthus Ailanthus bitter lactone, double lactone ( shinjudilactone ), eugenol ( sy-ringic acid ), homovanillic acid ( vanillic acid ), beta sitosterol (sitosterol ), azelaic acid ( azelaic acid ), D - mannitol ( D-mannitol ), ( mersosin toosendanin ), tannin, red ocher ( phlobaphene ) etc.. Seed oil is about 35% and2,6- two methoxy acid (2,6-dimethaxyquinone ), ailanthone, Ailanthus altissima ( ailantholide ), hawthorn harrow nonyl ketone (chaparrinone ), quassin etc.. Ye Hanyi quercitrin ( isoquercetin ), vitamin C etc..
Pharmacological action [ ]
1:100% in vitro antibacterial action of decoction of Shigella flexneri, song of Shigella and Escherichia coli inhibit.
2antitumor effects : Ailanthus has antitumor effect of ketones and quassin. Ailanthus altissima ketone on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( KB ) cells with cytotoxic activity, the ED50for10-2-10-3ug / ml in 0.12-4.00mg / kg dose, the lymphocytic leukemia P388showed some activity. Bitter bitter elements in 4mg / kg of mouse leukemia P388life extension rate of 65%, lower than 50ug / kg dose, the life extension rate is still higher than the25%. On human nasopharyngeal carcinoma KB cells of ED5010-2ug / ml.
[ ] identification of physicochemical identification takes this coarse powder5g, plus50ml in methanol, shaking placed overnight, filtration. The filtrate for the following tests: (1) to obtain filtrate1ml, adding 3% sodium carbonate solution1ml3min, heated in boiling water, and then straight ice bath cooling, adding new preparing diazonium reagent1-2drops, the solution immediately shows a deep red. ( check the lactone ) (2) and2ml filtrate, evaporated to dryness on the water bath, residue ice acetic acid 1ml dissolved, with acetic acid. A concentrated sulfuric acid (19:1) reagent1ml, solution from yellow green quickly becomes dirty green. ( check the steroidal ) product specifications have Ailanthus altissima and pile skin points, are all goods. Custom holds that the root bark is superior to dry skin.
Processing [ ]
1: removing the cork of Ailanthus altissima, water immersion, remove, run through, to shred or cubed, dried.
2 fry of Ailanthus altissima : first bran sprinkled on the heating, to smoke from time to time, then stir fry until both sides of Ailanthus bark into brown, remove, sieve to bran, cool. ( each marking leather100 jins,10 jins with bran );3carbon : take TSUBAKI bark silk, the pot with fire fry black, dark brown to a degree, spraying water amount consumed, fire, remove, boring night.
4: the honey honey pot, heating to boil, pour pile skin, with slow fire fry yellow, is not sticky degree, take out, put cool. Each chunpi wire 500g, with refined ripe honey90g.

[ ] taste bitter astringent; cold;
[ ] to the stomach; intestine; heart liver spleen lung;;;
[ function ] heat dampness; astringents; hemostasis; belt; insecticidal. The main diarrhea dysentery hematochezia;;; uterine bleeding; bleeding hemorrhoids; belt; ascariasis; sore ringworm
[ usage]: orally taken decoction,6-12g. Or into the pill, powder. External: moderate, washed fried or boiled paste.
[ note ]" Materia Medica" Sutra: spleen deficiency is not available, disintegrating belt belongs to renal home really weak also avoid, with its acts dry so. Where the stagnation in the lower gas not also not great with.
[ ] of Party of dysentery: toon white ( Ailanthus altissima ) one or two, Justicia money, bracken five money. Decoction. ( Jiangxi" Chinese herbal medicine" ) of chronic dysentery: toon white ( Ailanthus altissima ) four two. Drying milling, two money each time, two times daily, boiling water. (" Chinese herbal medicine in Shaanxi." ) treatment of intestinal blood more than the wind, and blood dysentery: Ailanthus root bark, not by how much water washing, rasping, in the drafty hung to dry, clubbing, Luo into fine powder, each of said two two, into the first surface one or two, stirring to evenly, and then he had new water, and pills such as Wu Tung, dry in the shade. Take twenty pills each time, first with water wet pills to run, in plates with flour rolled, boiled five seven boil, pour out, with the cooking liquid discharge temperature, no time. (" St. Francis." such as pill ) the blood, under: Ailanthus root bark money. Water lamp, fry seven, into the wine half light. (" Hui Tong experience" ) to treat vaginal discharge, cystitis and urinary tract infection: Chuan Bo, TSUBAKI ( root bark of Ailanthus altissima ), Zhimu, Atractylodes, raw licorice, Alisma, astragalus root, decoction. ( Jiangxi" Chinese herbal medicine" ) and Governance: Chinese toon white vaginal discharge ( Ailanthus altissima ), cockscomb each five money. Water decoction. (" Chinese herbal medicine in Shaanxi." ) treatment of trichomonas vaginitis: toon white ( Ailanthus altissima ) five money. Decoction; another ragwort one or two, mint five money, these five money. Fried water, washing. ( Jiangxi" Chinese herbal medicine" ) and treating spermatorrhea: galangal money ( burning ash deposit ), Cortex Phellodendri, peony each two money ( burning ash deposit ), Ailanthus root skin one two five money. For the end, such as Wu Tung large paste pill. Take thirty pills each time, the hollow under the tea. (" the recipe" ensigns root pill regimen ) in treatment of postpartum bowel and do not clean up: Ailanthus root ( skin, a drying ). Five litres of water, up to five stems of Chinese onion, pepper, with fry to three litres, slag, pouring, by heating fumigation, cold reheat, a suit may be used after washing five times, sleep less. Avoid salt, drunk, sauce, face, hair wind toxicants, and intentions, such as labor. (" woman" for the treatment of hemorrhoids: toon white ) ( Ailanthus altissima ) money, one or two of honey. Water decoction. (" Chinese herbal medicines in Shaanxi" ) (11) treat sore ringworm: toon white ( amount of Ailanthus altissima ). Fried wash the affected area. (" Chinese medicinal herbs of Shaanxi." )
[ ] the discussion
1" herbal": Metaphysics of Ailanthus altissima, specifically to the solid oxygen for use, so the diarrhea intestinal wind, but voiced disintegrating belt, and the Lord of the. However, be sick for a long time and slip, was to buy, if the new disease flea clothing, reluctant astringent, shall become his disease became chronic illness away. Whatever scrape the skin coarse, student can Tom Lee, acid vinegar processing is astringent.
2" resistance": on the treatment of dysentery, intestinal smooth, hemorrhoids blood note.
3" herbal medicine": main chronic dysentery, kill the ascarid.
The 4" Chinese Materia Medica": a main red Bai Jiu dysentery, acute bug, to mange, main blood.
5" Materia Medica": Hua Zi on diarrhea and intestinal wind, can narrow it.
The 6" Chinese Materia Medica": Commentaries on addendum to unsmooth blood.
7 Zhu Zhenheng : cure red whitish vaginal discharge, moisture, diarrhea, fine slip wet dream, dry wet lung and stomach phlegm, to Chen Jizhi.
8" circle": summary discharge lung inverse, dry spleen wet, humid gas branch line.
9" new" materia medica: to lung and stomach phlegm fire.
10" Modern Practical Traditional Chinese medicine taken orally governance": the woman uterine hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage, uterine inflammation, enteritis, dysentery, intestinal hemorrhage, urinary bladder and urethral inflammation, gonorrhea, anti-inflammatory, secretin, arresting bleeding; and treatment of neuralgia and liver, spleen and other disorders.
The clinical application of [ ]
1 in the treatment of acute bacterial dysentery: take fresh Ailanthus root bark1two, decocting 2 times, filtered juice mixed into 2suits,1for adult content. The system was observed in 82 cases,81 cases were cured. Have a fever after taking over in3 days to normal, abdominal pain and tenesmus ( average 2 days disappear with tincture camphor compound oral ), pus and blood stool in the2-3 days reduced, then gradually returned to normal. Once on the cure in 48 cases were followed up, there are 2 cases of recurrence at 2 months after, then serving on the drug treatment to cure, March. Ailanthus altissima extract flow or with 100% adult children,10-15ml each time, every years old of1-2ml,3 times daily before meals. As for retention enema dose is taken orally, are increased by 1 times,10 times diluted with water use. 70 cases,68 cases were cured,2 cases are invalid. The average healing time of 6.3 days. The temperature dropped to normal for an average of 1.35 days, diarrhea control for an average of 2.4 days, defecate normal for an average of 3 days.
2treatment of amoebic dysentery: stem Ailanthus root bark100g, add water to the600ml, decoct juice concentrates to100ml, become1:1 decoction. 3 times a day, each time 10ml, generally 7 days for a course of treatment. Clinical according to age, physical and illness increase or decrease the dosage and duration of treatment center. The heavier a daily dose of up to 60ml, administered continuously for more than 15 days, and no adverse reaction. Observation of 31 cases with drug use,7-24 days (mean 8.5 days ), clinical cure in 30 cases, improvement in 1 cases (20year course ). By the election of a follow-up observation of 8 cases,6 months without recurrence.
3treatment of hematochezia: Ailanthus root bark4two shredding, unripe bean sprouts, raw white radish4 each two to extract juice, mixed with water decoct juice filtering, red wine stew person amount, go to bed clothes. Pediatric reduction. 30 cases,27 cases were cured,1 cases improved,2 cases are invalid. Cured cases in half within the onset in 22 cases were cured, take 4agent; super disease in half a month to 3 months in 5 patients,8were cured clothing agent.
4 in the treatment of ulcer disease: Ailanthus altissima bark stripped off after removing the outer layer of skin, with the inner surface of thick, white, dry fried into old yellow grinds into powder, pill, powder, tablet can be made. 3 times a day, each time the2-3 money. In 419 cases of gastric and duodenal ulcer patients after being treated, clinical control in 185 patients (44.15%),89 cases (21.24%), effective in 101 cases,44 cases are invalid. Efficacy and pharmaceutical methods, such as green Ailanthus altissima, curative effect is poorer, fried into coal also influences the curative effect. After taking a mild dry mouth, throat, nausea, vomiting, very few.
5treatment of ascariasis:5O% decoction, sooner or later the15ml,3 days for a course of treatment; or with a pill, every take 3G, daily 4,3-5days for a course of treatment. Before and after treatment with medication during cooking oil are not class, is also not a laxative. Results the worm expelling feces rate and negative conversion rate average60-70% in between. During14 showed mild nausea,2produce vomiting. 45 taking pills were once produced mild diarrhea, all to itself after stopping.
6 in the treatment of uterine cervical cancer: from Ailanthus altissima bark brown500g1000g,3000ml1000ml, adding water, fry. 50ml each time,3 times a day. Part of the cases with Decoction line local coating. A total of10 cases of clinical cure,1 cases were cured, is a second degree in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix cauliflower type, after20 days after taking, cervical tumor disappeared, two biopsies were not found in cancer cells, parametrial gall also disappeared;1 cases, effective in 5 cases,3 cases are invalid.
Excerpts from" Chinese Materia Medica" [ ]
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