Saffron

[ source ]" Outline" gleaning
[ Z, n ] Pinyin name be H: n to be Hu.
[ alias ] and Law ( set to" circle" )
[ source ] for the Iridaceae crocus plant style of the upper and the stigma. 9 ~ October selected sunny morning picking flowers, remove stigma, drying, namely dry safflower. If the processing, the oil is bright, wet Carthamus tinctorius. In order to better quality dry safflower. Placed in the cool dry place, keep sealed.
[ ] the original morphology
Crocus (" tastes of" ), also known as: business Coughlan (" food was about to drink" ), and LAN Hanfu (" tastes". ).
Perennial herb. The underground bulb spherical by brown, membranous scalelike leaves. Leaves 9to 15, white bulbs produce, sessile, narrow leaves long,15to 20 cm long,2to 3 cm wide, margin revolute leaf, with fine hairs, base from 4 ~5vast scale surrounded. Beautiful top is unripe, diameter 2.5 ~3 cm; tepals6, obovoid, lilac, cylinder4- 6cm long, thin tubular; stamens 3, anthers large, base sagittate; pistil 3, with carpels connate, ovary inferior, style slightness, yellow, the top three deeply lobed, protruding cylinder external, ptosis, deep red, stigma slightly dilated at the top, there is a funnel-shaped opening. Capsule, long, with three blunt edge, about 3 cm long,1.5 cm wide, when the fruit is ripe, stretching over the ground. Seeds numerous, spherical, testa leathery. Flowering early to mid November.
[ ] habitat distribution distribution of southern European countries and Iran. I owned a small amount of cultivation.
[ character ]
The wet Carthamus tinctorius
Stigmas red brown, shiny with oil lubrication, elongated linear, ca. 3cm, base narrow, gradually widening towards the top, inside a short crack, the top edge for the irregular dentate. Stigma often exist alone, sometimes three, stigma and a short style. Style orange. Dip in the water, which is expanded in a long stigma inflated, trumpet-shaped, water was stained yellow. Gas sweet, bitter in taste. With moist and shiny, red, yellow wire is less preferred.
The dry safflower
For the bending of the filamentous, dark brown, with yellowish brown part. Quality easily, dull and oil vortex. The remaining and safflower with wet.
The raw materials, production of Spain, Greece and Russia etc..
[ ] take chemical composition containing about 2% of crocin, saffron acid and two two of sugar molecules gentian combination of ester, but also with saffron, saffron acid methyl two limonoids from about 2%,0.4~ 1.3% of volatile oil ( mainly for saffron aldehyde. Safranal is saffron bitter elements generated by hydrolysis. Crocin and saffron bitter elements may be combined with the original crocin and kept in the crude drug of. It contains rich vitamin B2. Bulb containing glucose, amino acids, saponins.
Pharmacological action [ ]
For the role of the uterus
Decoction on the mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs and cats in the isolated uterus and uterine have excitatory effect, small dosage can cause uterus occurring rhythmic contraction, high doses can increase uterine tonic and stimulant, automatic shrinkage rate enhanced, even to the degree of spasticity, is more sensitive in the gravid uterus; the rabbit uterine fistula experiment, also show excitement,1 times after administration, efficacy can last4 hours. The extract of order: Decoction > ethanol extract > volatile component > ethyl ether extract. Small dose to the uterus also appears to inhibit, or to inhibit excitatory effects, especially ethanol extract used in nonpregnant uterus in rabbits, see more inhibition phenomenon. The role of the uterus can be excited, HEPES ergotoxine ( adrenergic blockers ) are partially blocked, while atropine is not; so that the uterus of mice, one part is the womb muscle cells by direct action, part and adrenergic receptor related.
The effects on circulatory system
Decoction of anesthetized dogs, cats can make blood pressure reduction, and can maintain a long time; and the excitatory effects on respiration. Antihypertensive kidney volume is reduced, showed a renal vasoconstriction; on vascular contractile effect of toad was also. In the isolated toad heart has remarkable inhibitory effect. There are people on it as the operation process of the heartbeat pause drugs were discussed, find flooding agents in the isolated toad, rat heart, acute cat in heart specimens, all can cause heart quickly and completely cardioplegia at diastole, which amounted to ten minutes or more, and the easy recovery; such as acetylcholine with, then stops more rapidly and completely. Double jump without fibrillation, beating after cardiac activity were shaped reinforcing. But by the chemical analysis, inhibition of cardiac component with a potassium salt, this point quite can cover note, saffron is containing a large quantity of potassium salt and potassium salt, can not only inhibit the heart, causing pressure on the smooth muscle, such as intestine, uterus, bronchial, vascular tension and contraction also have excitatory effects, therefore the next time the pharmacological study of safflower should first remove potassium salt.
Other roles
Saffron can Ting long mouse estrous cycle, with saffron0.23~ 2% food feeding mice3 weeks, vaginal smears full-keratinized duration from the normal 1to 2 days is extended to 3~ 4 days after stopping effect rapidly disappearing. Decoction injection in frog lymph sac, skin glands with a massive secretion. On murine acute animal toxicity test, the measured gastric perfusion of LD50of 20.7 g / kg.
[ processing ] pick and get rid of impurities, yellow bristles.
Taste [ ]
Gan, ping.
Food was about to drink."" : sweet, smooth, non-toxic.
The" Essentials" tastes: sweet sour, flat temperature, non-toxic.
[ ] to the heart, the liver through the.
[ function ]
Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, San Yu Kai. Treatment of anxiety depression and nausea, chest and diaphragm, hematemesis, typhoid mad, horror trance, woman amenorrhoea, postpartum blood stasis pain, swelling or flutter.
The" food was about to drink": the main worries pent, that does not come loose, eating a long time great.
The" Essentials" goods department : the main medicinal powder Yu blood regulating, wide chest and diaphragm, appetizing appetite, long wear Couture yuan, Yuet color, and treatment of typhoid fever.
The" schema": activating blood circulation, and administer a fright.
[ usage] decoction,1~ 2of money; or leach liquor.
[ note ] not to be taken by pregnant women.
[ ] a party
The cure of all PI node: Saffron each serving a flower, red soup. Diet oil meat, salt, appropriate eats the pale porridge. (" a" class )
The treatment of typhoid fever with fear, trance: scatter process namely two points. Water lamp, an accommodation, services. ( set to" circle" )
The treatment of hematemesis ( regardless of what the actual situation, spits blood ), saffron flower, ash free wine a. The flowers into the wine, the juice is taken across Taunton. (" a" class )
[ ] the treatise" Materia Medica": justice Tibet safflower, Jiangni along, the opening guitar Xiaoyu, still with Carthamus tinctorius are similar, while the strength of Xiong Jun. People only think of blood stagnation, but not enough to do the work. According to the endangered Lake" schema", has been called the crocus, the main qi depression, node were scattered, can promote blood circulation to treat pavor, then dissipating blood, the same skill. Also cited" set to" treat typhoid crazy circle, into a trance, also remains the phlegm discharge hysteresis. But to heat conduction layer, this also is similar, but the smell of Gan Ping, and saffron greasy and thick not class.
[ ] * dictionary" excerpt"
http://chinese-herbal-medicines-directory.blogspot.com/