Carum

[ source ] from" Chinese medicine planting field guide"
[ ] C Pinyin name 's n Hu Xi n be be grave.
English name [ ] Fruit of Caraway
[ source ]
Medicine source: for the Umbelliferae plant caraway fruit
Latin animal mineral name: Carum carvi L.
Harvest and storage:7-8cut will be ripe fruit throughout the plant, dried, and lay a seed, to its impurities, the standby.
[ ] the original morphology of biennial or perennial herbs, high 30-80cm. Glabrous. Cylindrical, fleshy, length 10-25cm, diameter 5-10mm. The stem branches. The leaves and stems of lower leaf petiole and leaf blade nearly equal, or slightly shorter than the leaves, two to three pinnately parted, the contour of the blade oblong-lanceolate, length 5-15cm, width 2-3cm, ultimate segments linear or linear-lanceolate, length 3-5mm, width of about1-3cm, with broad leaf sheaths, margin membranous, white or pink. Compound umbel terminal or lateral; peduncles long 5-8cm; without involucral bracts, dilute1-3, linear; rays5-10, long 1-4cm; no small involucral bracts, with1-3, linear; umbellules with5-15 flower, flowers polygamous, without calyx teeth, petals white, or reddish; style ca. as stylopodium2 times. The fruit is long ovate, long 4-5mm, width 2-2.5mm, mature brown, fruit ribs, each rib groove is provided with a pipe 1, connate2. Flower, fruit5-8.
[ ] habitat distribution
Ecological environment : in roadside, forest margins, riverine grass or in alpine meadow.
Resource distribution: distribution in North China, northwest and weak, Sichuan grains etc..
[ ] the fruit containing volatile oil chemical composition, main component of carvone ( carvone ), limonene ( limonene ), two hydrogen carvone ( dihydrocarvone ), D - two hydrogen shanghvi alcohol (D-dihydrocarveol ), L - different two hydrogen shanghvi glycol ( L-isodihydrocarvediol ), D of Perilla aldehyde ( D-perillaldehylde ), D - two hydrogen from brain (D-dihydropinol), fatty oil containing palmitic acid ( palmitic acid ), oleic acid ( lieic acid ), linoleic acid ( linoleic acid ) [1]. The root contains bill Ye Qin of (falcarinoloen), oleic acid ( oleic acid ), bill Ji Qin two ketone (fal-carinione). Flower volatile oil containing alpha pinene ( a - pinene ),3(3-carene ) - carene.
Pharmacological action [ ]
1: GONG wormwood oil into the antiasthmatic action of caraway oil ( Carawayoil ) mainly containing D - carvone, with antiasthmatic effects ( guinea pig histamine method); on mouse has antitussive effect ( ammonia method), but to electrical stimulation of the cat superior laryngeal nerve induced cough is invalid, so have no effect on cough central.
2: caraway oil antibacterial effect in vitro antibacterial effect, but also has been reported, carvone in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli has bacteriostatic function; and there is some antifungal effect, high concentration (1:1000) cattle liver fluke worms.
3 on gastrointestinal function: caraway oil has stomachic, expelling wind action, carvone oral on rabbit intestinal stimulant.
4other roles: carvone to rats orally, but increased urinary excretion of vitamin C though, as a result of the vitamin C in the liver increased deposit generated ( carvone is not vitamin C predecessor ). Given alone carvone, on rat urinary glucuronic acid about discharge had no significant effect on: such as simultaneous intraperitoneal injection of glucuronic acid preparations, while urinary grape paste acid and vitamin C than in the control group were significantly increased, therefore the carvone may facilitate glucose in the liver in the form of vitamin C. Vitamin C and in the liver of prothrombin formation has certain relations, long-term rats given carvone, against coumarinsin like caused by bleeding. In addition, the seed extract to rabbit gastric lavage with diuresis, urinary chloride excretion increased, morphine can fight the diuretic; fresh seeds also have put forward a kind of plant lectins, only to human red blood cells have a role in bovine, sheep, is No. Carvone and certain choleretic effect; to rabbit oral0.1-0.2ml / kg had no effect on electrocardiogram.
[ ] the toxicity of toxic carvone to mice, measured median lethal dose1.3 + 0.lml / kg, animal appear first excited (for tail, convulsions ), died of respiratory arrest. Rats were given by gavage, median lethal dose of 1.64g / kg. As in the2 hours before the first intraperitoneal injection of glucuronic acid preparation, vitamin C (400mg / kg ), glucose (2G / kg ), against carvone ( oral4G / kg ) lethal effect, give the dog slow intravenous infusion, is carvone the lethal dose of0.34g / kg ( slower heart rate, fall in blood pressure).
[ ] net : remove processing wood, leaf and impurity. Cut to: cut whole plant, lay the seeds, sieve to ashes.
[ ] taste acrid in taste Gan; temperature;
[ ] functions of appetizers; for dispelling cold and relieving pain. The stomach and abdomen Lengtong; vomiting; dyspepsia; colicky pain; cold stagnation
[ usage]: orally taken decoction,3-6g.
[ note ] Yin Huo-wang, not without cold syndrome.
[ method ] treat cold stomach vomiting attached: Tibetan noodle with cinnamon, ginger, Dried Tangerine Peel Decoction. (" Plateau" of Chinese herbal medicine in treatment of manual )
[ ] the discussion
1" the common Chinese herbal medicines in Tibet": aromatic and carminative stomach, regulating qi. Stomachache, abdominal pain, intestinal hernia.
2" Plateau" of Chinese herbal medicine in treatment of manual: dispel wind and cold, Jianpi appetizers. Treat cold and low back pain, vomiting and stomach cold.
Excerpts from" Chinese Materia Medica" [ ]
http://chinese-herbal-medicines-directory.blogspot.com/