Dwarf bitter wormwood

[Source] from the "common folk herbal Kunming"

[Pinyin] ǎi Jiǎo Kǔ Hāo

[English name] Herb of Blin Conyza

[Alias] fish guts grass, wormwood, Jin Peng straight fake gold gentian, golden chrysanthemum branches, Siphonostegia, fine bitter wormwood, Artemisia hair bitter, wormwood oil, gentian

[Source] source based medicine: Compositae gall grass whole plant.
Latin name of plant and animal fossil: Conyza blinii Levl. [C. pinnatifida auct. Non Roxb.; C. dunniana Levl.]
Harvesting and storage: the fall harvest, fresh or dried and cut into sections.

[Original form] the bear grass annual herb, 40-60cm, all densely long white hair and soft brown short glandular hairs. Root cylindrical, brown, thin fibrous roots. Stems erect, with branching, with a fine groove edges. Leaves alternate; lower part of the petiole, upper leaves subsessile; leaves oblong, long 4-6cm, width 2.5-3cm, feather-deep crack tip lobes large, oblanceolate, the number of pieces side lobes, sparsely , bar or lanceolate, with coarse teeth. Capitulum diameter of about 6mm, arranged in cone-shaped; involucre hemispherical; phyllaries 2-layer, edge membranous, apex purple, the back of the coarse; bud and a half in shape; involucre hemispherical; phyllaries 2-layer, edge of the membranous, apex purple, the back of coarse; yellow flowers, the outer flowers female, filiform, inner Flowers bisexual, tubular. Achenes flat, small, with edges, hair; crested a layer of pink, 2-3 times the length of the achene. Summer flowering.

[Habitat distribution] environment: Born in the mountain slopes, roadsides, dry place.
Resource distribution: distributed in Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan and other places.

[Character] traits to identify stem cylindrical, the upper multi-branched, long 30-150cm, diameter 2-6mm, the surface of orange or yellow-green, with longitudinal groove edges, there are many colors on their long soft hair, long 3-4mm; quality than the strong brittle, easily broken. Alternate, simple leaves, yellow-green, both sides have numerous long white pubescence, shrinkage distortion, easily broken, flattened, the lower leaves with a handle, a few upper leaves sessile, leaves feather-deep crack to full crack, lobes Phi needle-shaped or linear-lanceolate, entire or lobed. Head off inflorescence diameter of less than 1cm, set in the top cylindrical cone; yellow-white flowers; ripe fruit can easily fall off flying, achenes pale yellow, flat color, about 1mm, have crested a long 5-6mm. Gas micro, taste very bitter.
Microscopic identification of leaves and stem epidermal surface view: there is more glandular and non-glandular hairs, glandular head cells 2-8, 4-10 stems cells, arranged in 1-2 columns, length 130 - 360μm, base diameter 30-70μm, the upper a little thin, slightly glandular head diameter and the base are equal, some visible oil droplets: a small non-glandular hairs formed by the 4-13, the base diameter of about 100μm, slightly lower number of cells into the square , oblong, the middle and upper cells grew, thinning, top tip, and more have been broken, with complete up to 4000μm, cells slightly swollen like phase at bamboo-like, and some cells with a diameter of 4-15μm of calcium oxalate crystal cluster . Stem epidermal cells rectangular, square type, with a skin texture; wavy leaf epidermal cells, stomatal infinitive, subsidiary cells 4-5.

Chemical Composition】 【whole plant contains alkaloids, saponins, phenolic substances, acid and trace amounts of volatile oil.

Pharmacological effects 1. Expectorant effects: mice orally decoction and water extract, yeast extract and isolated saponins showed significant expectorant effects of crude (phenol red method). Serving water extract in anesthetized rabbits after tracheal mucus cilia transport speed of a certain role. Crude saponins have the same effect, but slower, weaker. (2) asthma: guinea pigs application decoction and crude extract (decoction concentrated ethanol precipitation to remove those) have some asthma (histamine spray method). Guinea pig trachea in vitro experiments, extracts, water extract and alcohol extract can fight against histamine-induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction, the role of water extract stronger than the alcohol extract. Phenol extracts of choline or barium chloride caused B in vitro rabbit intestinal cramps obvious spasm. Decoction of the role of mice without cough (cough cited ammonia spray).
3. Antimicrobial effect: decoction in vitro inhibition of some respiratory tract pathogens.

Toxicology mice orally decoction and water extract and alcohol extract of toxicity are small. Rabbits fed daily water extract or alcohol extract 3g/kg or 5g/kg, 30 consecutive days, their activities, loss of appetite, excretion, no significant change in body weight, were killed after the autopsy, has not found significant changes

[Identification] physical and chemical identification of this product meal 2g, add water, 40ml, water bath immersed 10min, filtration, the filtrate for the following test.
(1) the filtrate 10ml, bath home on the evaporated and the residue amount of ethanol, mixing, filtration, the filtrate evaporated and the residue acetic acid 0.5ml, to be dissolved, relocated in a test tube, add 0.5ml of acetic anhydride , mixing, 1-2 drops of sulfuric acid along the wall, that was red, quickly becomes purple. (Check Sanza saponins) (2 filtrate 10ml, set with a plug in a test tube, shake 1min, produce persistent foam, 15min of not disappear.)

[] Bitter taste; natured

【Indications】 Qingrejiedu; Xiehuo bleeding. Lord of chronic bronchitis; tonsillitis; throat; stomatitis; nephritis; jaundice, hepatitis; eye crystal meningitis; otitis media; sore; toothache; epistaxis; blood in the stool; uterine bleeding; traumatic bleeding

Dosage Oral: Jian Tang ,6-9g; or Daozhi. External: moderate, cold water immersion, oral administration.

[] ① treatment with otitis media side: bitter leaves of Artemisia fresh juice, add black carp bile within the ear drops. (Taste the following the "election of Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine") ② treatment of traumatic bleeding: Dwarf Artemisia three hard money, cuttlefish bone second money, flying two to see blood money. Total powder topical. ("Kunming people used herbs")

Clinical application] 1. The treatment of chronic bronchitis: the Golden Gentian remove old stems and roots, grain mill, water pan for the pills, the talc clothing. Each lg, Japan 3 times, meal service. Treatment of 565 cases, control nearly 109 (19.3%) were cured, 187 (33.1%), improved in 207 (36.6%), ineffective in 62 cases (10.9%).
2 side effects: incidence of 24.4%. Showed abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dry mouth, dizziness, etc. Generally occurs within 1-2 days after taking the night, slight, may go away, without prejudice to medication. The Smell very hard, to be served after a meal. General response of patients after taking the drug increased appetite, sleep, mental are better.
3. Antimicrobial effect: the more obvious anti-inflammatory, expectorant, asthma and cough. Experiments show that gold gentian decoction of Group A Streptococcus, pneumococcus, hemolytic streptococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus albus, Staphylococcus aureus, seven cards he aureus bacteria have antibacterial effect.

[Excerpt] "Chinese Materia Medica"


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