2012年5月24日星期四

Asarum Linn



Pinyin name ] [ Dà Xì Xī n
[ alias ] potato leaf Asarum asarum, horseshoe.
[ source ]
Medicine medium source: Aristolochiaceae plants of Asarum maximum Asarum asarum, Qiyang and Dinghu with a complete grass.
Latin animal mineral name: 1.AsarummaximumHemsl.2.AsarummagnicumTsiangexC.Y.ChengetC.S.Yang ( A.longiflorumC.Y.ChengetC.S.Yang )3.AsarummagnificumTsiangexC.Y.ChengetC.S.Yangvar.dinghuenseC.Y.ChengetC.S.Yang
Harvest and storage: spring, summer harvest, washed, dried. Guangxi in winter to dig up the whole plant, washed, dried.
[ ] the original morphology
1of Asarum maximum perennial herbs, plants stout. Rhizomes prostrate. Ye Bingchang 10-23cm bacillus; leaves ovate, margin densely long eyelashes; leaves ovate, broadly ovate or hastate, long 6-13cm, wide 7-15cm, apex acute, base cordate, dark green above, occasionally white cloud, veins and near edge has short, pale green below. Flowers purplish black, diameter 4-6cm; pedicels 1-5cm; perianth tube campanulate, in style, with high outward bulge forming a ribbon ring process, the throat is constricted or slightly reduced, the throat hole diameter of about 1cm, no film ring or only membrane cyclic horizontal discontinuity folds, the inner wall is provided with a longitudinal ridge fold, flower burst film broadly ovate, mid and the following have semicircular dirty white plaques, dry pale brown, downward has several lines of the row papillary folds; connective extended, blunt; ovary semi-inferior, style 6, topmost 2 crack, stigmas lateral, florescence 4-5 month.
2 Qiyang Asarum perennial is herbaceous, tall 10-15cm. Rhizome short, clustered mostly slender fibrous roots, surface pale yellow, aroma. Leaves with long handle, blade long elliptical cordate or broadly triangular, length 6-13cm, width 5-12cm, apex acute, base auriculate heart shape. Upper midvein Shorthair, two side provide cloud below, sometimes with a purple. Flowers solitary, axillary, green purple; perianth tube funnelform, ca.5cm, lobes triangular-ovate, base the Ministry has a triangular shaped perianth tube in the mastoid region, throat slightly contracted, slightly curved; stamens 12, anthers conic; styles 6, free. Capsule fleshy, indehiscent.
3 Dinghu Asarum this species and species difference is: perianth tube short, ca.1cm, about 8mm in diameter, thin and sparse mastoid; leaf blade usually elliptic-ovate, cloud-free spot above, scanty by short, below under the magnifying glass visible granular oil point.
[ ] habitat distribution
Ecological environment:1in forest dank slope or stream.
2in forest shade.
3 born in elevation of 300-700m under a bush in sheltered places.
Resource distribution:1distributed in Hubei and Sichuan.
2located in Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong and other places.
3distributed in Guangdong Zhaoqing, Yangjiang, Xinyi.
[ ] cultivation
1biological characteristics like a wet environment. Soil rich in humus and osteoporosis, with fertile clip sand well.
2cultivation technique with ramets propagation. Sichuan region in 9-10 months will all strains of digging, cutting underground stem, divided into individual, as seedlings. In the good earth, open 1.3m width height border, the maturity of compost application into soil, and mix well, according to the line spacing, each about 16cm open point, depth of about 10cm, follow along with planting, soil rigidity cover her bud, cover soil compaction, and then cover the soil and soil surface flush.
3field management this plant is short, should pay attention to weeding. Weeding to hand out, so as not to damage the underground rhizomes, effects of growth. About 10days after transplanting, Shi manure water in winter. Second years of spring and summer bud new leaves grow strong again, the manure water in winter to broadcast1 times, with mature compost.
4pest infestation with slugs and snails, in the morning and the new lime powder in the treatment of.
[ character ]
Character identification (1) of Asarum maximum rhizomes ca. to 7cm, diameter 2-4mm, which comprises a plurality of bowl shaped leaf scar. Root stout, tufted, diameter 2-3mm. Leaf expansion for long ovate, broadly ovate or hastate, long 6-13cm, wide 7-15cm, apex acute, base cordate, foliar occasionally white cloud, veins and near the edge has shorthair. Fragrance, taste spicy, slightly Ma tongue.
(2) Qiyang Asarum rhizome short, internodes 1.5-7mm, up to a maximum of1.5cm. The root cluster, diameter 2-4mm; surface grayish yellow, yellow-white section. Leaf blade subleathery, glossy, flattened to form a triangle shape broadly ovate or ovate-elliptic,6-13cm long,5-12cm wide, apex acute, above both sides of midrib visible white cloud. Fragrance, taste spicy, slightly Ma tongue.
[ ] the chemical composition
1of Asarum maximum complete grass ( dry goods )0.4% containing volatile oil, volatile oil components of:β- pinene (β -pinene ), p-cymene ( p-cymene ) ( camphor ), camphor, borneol ( borneol ),α- terpineol (α -terpineol ),3,5- two methoxy based the toluene (3,5-dimethoxytoluene ), Sassafras ether ( safrole ), trans - caryophyllene ( Trans-caryophyllene ),β- Ancient Yun Xi (β -gudunene ), trans - β - farnesene ( trans- β-farnesene ),?? a-humulene ( humulene ), methyl eugenol ( methyl eugenol ),2,3,5- trimethoxy toluene (2,3,5-trimethoxy-toluene ), nerolidol ( nerolidol ), asarone (asaricin ), methyl isoeugenol ( methyl isoeugenol ), Nutmeg ether ( myristicin ), two lignans (elemicin), with two lignans ( isoelemicin ) and 2,4,5- trimethoxy propenylbenzene (2,4,5-trimethoxypropenyl-benzene ).
2 Qiyang asarum herb ( dry goods )0.3% containing volatile oil, volatile oil components of:β - pinene, myrcene ( myrcene ), limonene ( limonene ),1,8- cineole (1,8-cineole ), camphor, borneol,α- terpineol (α -terpineol ), naphthalene ( naphthalene ), -5-2- isopropyl methyl ethyl ether (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-anisole ), bornyl acetate ( bornyl acetate ),3,5- two methoxy toluene (3,5-dimethoxytoluene ), safrole,α- sweet orange oil with (α -bergamotene ), trans - caryophyllene ( Trans-caryophyllene ),β- Ancient Yun Xi (β -gurjunene ),β- cadinen (β -cubebene ), methyl eugenol ( methyl eugenol ),2,3,5- trimethoxy toluene (2,3,5-trimethoxytoluene ), nerolidol ( nerolidol ), methyl isoeugenol ( methyl isoeugenol ), elemi resin element, element of lignans and 2,4,5- trimethoxy propenylbenzene (2,4,5-trimethoxypropenylbenzene ).
3 lantern asarum herb ( dry goods )0.9% containing volatile oil, volatile oil components of:α - pinene (α -pinene ), camphene ( camphene ),β- pinene, myrcene ( myrcene ), sabinene ( sabinene ), limonene,1,8- cineole, p-cymene ( p-cymene ),γ- Terpinene (γ -terpinene ), terpinolene ( terpinolene ), camphor, borneol,α- terpineol, -5-2- isopropyl methyl ethyl ether (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-anisole ), bornyl acetate,2- eleven polyvinylpyrrolidone (2-undecanone ),3,5- two methoxy toluene (3,5-dimethoxy-toluene ), safrole, trans - caryophyllene,β- Ancient Yun Xi, trans - β - farnesene ( trans- β-farnesene ),β- cadinen, methyl eugenol, nerolidol, asarum ether, methyl isoeugenol, Nutmeg ether effects of elemene and elemene, lignans of lignans etc.
4dorsal asarum herb ( dry goods )0.9% containing volatile oil, volatile oil components ofα- pinene, camphene,β- pinene, myrcene, sabinene, limonene,1,8- cineole, p-cymene ( p-cymene ),γ- terpinenes, terpinolene, borneol,4- pine enolase (terpinen-4-ol),α- terpineol (α -terpineol ), -5-2- isopropyl methyl ethyl ether (2-isopropyl-5-methylanisole ), bornyl acetate,3,5- two methoxy toluene (3,5-dimethoxytoluene ), safrole, trans -β - caryophyllene, ancient Yun Xi,β- cadinen, methyl eugenol, trans - β - farnesene ( trans- β-farnesene ), asarone, Nutmeg ether, elemi lignan.
5dark green asarum herb ( dry goods )1.1% containing volatile oil, volatile oil components of:α - pinene, camphene,β- pinene, myrcene, sabinene, limonene,1,8- cineole, p-cymene,γ- terpinenes, terpinolene, borneol,4- pine enol,α - terpineol, Bornyl ester,3,5- two methoxy toluene, safrole,β- Ancient Yun Xi,β- cadinen, methyl eugenol, trans - β - farnesene, asarone, Nutmeg ether, elemi resin hormone and different element and lignan.
[ ] taste spicy; temperature
[ ] the lung meridian; spleen; liver by
[ indications ] dispel cold-dispelling; cough expectorant Huoxue Jiedu; pain. The main cold; cough; toothache; heat pain; enteritis; diarrhea; rheumatoid joint pain; traumatic injury; boils; snake bites
[ usage]: orally taken decoction,3-6g; or at the end of the inquiry, each 1G.
[ note ]
Weakness and sweating, hemoptysis and pregnant woman forbids.
{ note } for Asarum medicine in addition to the above3, and Asarum inflatum C. Y. Cheng Physalis peruviana l et C. S.Yang ( distributed in Sichuan ), A. porhyronotum C. Y. purple back. Cheng et C. S.Yang ( distributed in Sichuan ), A. porhyronotum C. Y. invisible green Cheng et C. S.Yangvar. atrovirens C. Y. Cheng et C. S.Yang ( distributed in Sichuan ) etc.. More than 4species and 2 varieties of wild ginger concentrated in the subgenus, their common characteristic is the larger plants, roots thick, large leaves and thin leathery, therefore in the areas with large Asarum known, as well as soil Asarum Asarum in generation.
Excerpts from" Chinese Materia Medica" [ ]
http://chinese-herbal-medicines-directory.blogspot.com/

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