Toad skin

[ source ] from the classics" on"
[ ] Ch n P Pinyin name 's grave
English name [ ] Toad Skin
[ alias ] clam Ba skin, preen toad skin
[ source ]
Medicine source: Bufonidae animal of Bufo melanostictus remove offal or dry bulk.
Latin animal mineral name:1.Bufo Bufo gargarizans Cantor2.Bufo melanostictus Schneider
Harvest and storage: the summer and autumn catch, adopt first to toad, and then removing the bone cavity dirty, will open.
[ ] the original morphology
1of the toad Bufo bufo gargarizans, body length in10cm above, body stout, head width larger than head length, rostral round, canthus rostralis significantly; nostril near the rostral; eye is greater than the spacing between the tympanic membrane without obvious, nose; vomerine teeth, jaw or tooth. Before long, stout technology, finger, toe slightly flat, finger side slightly margin of the film without the web, a long sequence 3,1,4,2, knuckles under multiple aneurysms in pairs, often suddenly2, outside big. Hindlimb stout and short, tibial tarsal joint of the shoulder, left and right with the Department does not meet, toe side edge membrane, webbed often developed, inner metatarsal deformation of long and large, small and round outer metatarsal tubercle. The skin is extremely rough, the top of the head is smooth, on both sides of a large and long ears after the film, the remainder was ranging from the size of the circular opening scrofula warts, arranged a rule as head of scrofula warts, oblique rows with the ear-side gland parallel. In addition, along the side of scrofula wart arrangement than the rule, and the scrofula wart larger, individual specimens is not obvious the tarsal fold, the ventral surface of the skin is not smooth, with small warts. Color also varies considerably, the reproductive season male back is dark green, body side of light stripe; female back color of shallow, scrofula wart cream, sometimes from the eye along the body side are oblique black longitudinal ventral spot, creamy yellow, brown or black fine pattern. The male individual smaller, inner three refers to the black nuptial pad, silent capsule.
2Bufo melanostictus, body length7-10CM, the male is smaller; head, head width larger than head length; snout rounded, canthus rostralis distinct, nostril near the rostral, eye spacing is greater than the spacing of the nose, large tympanic membrane, without vomerine teeth, jaws are toothless, tongue end no incision. The head along the canthus rostralis, orbital margin, tympanic membrane and leading edge on the marginal mandibular has obvious black bone edges or black line. The top of the head is concave, the skin and skull are closely linked. Forelegs slender; finger, toe slightly flat, terminal black; a long sequence of 3,1,4,2; knuckle under multiple aneurysms into foreign often suddenly, who are slightly smaller than the inner, brown, short hindlimbs, tibial tarsal joint of the shoulder with a rear, left foot shorter than not met; tibia; toe side edge is connected with the film, half webbed, joint of not obvious; inner metatarsal tubercle is slightly larger than the outer metatarsal tubercle. The skin is extremely rough, in addition to the head without warts, the rest is unequal in size circular warts, warts tablets with dark spots or spines; on the sides of the head are oblong ear gland; near the midline to the hips from ridge after having 2 longitudinal rows of aligned more rules of large warts tablets. Large spectacled toad ventral covered with small spines. Life coloration variation is large, general Brown slightly reddish brown stripe. Male first, refers to the 2base side has a black nuptial pad, a single swallow capsule of sound.
[ ] habitat distribution
Ecological environment:1lives in the mud or live in stone or grass, feed at night.
2inhabits damp grass, or the common night. Feed on a variety of harmful insects and other small animal.
Resource distribution:1located in the northeast, North China, East China, central China and Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Guizhou etc..
2located in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places.
[ character ] character identification, this product is a flat plate, about 0.5mm thick, head slightly obtuse triangle. Limb flexion outward. A rough surface, the back grayish brown, with size ranging from wart protuberance, darker color; abdomen yellowish white, wart is small. The head is smooth, the ear-side gland markedly, showing long ovoid, character shape. The inner surface of gray, and warts points corresponding to a same size to produce Yi shallow concave point. A complete tetraplegia after flattening, forelimb toes unwebbed; long hind legs and brawny, webbed toes, tough quality, not easily broken. Gas micro fishy. Taste slightly ma.
[ ] skin chemical composition of the special ingredients, general and toad venom Venenum similar, see the. Another B.vulgaris formosus toad skin containing bufothionine ( Bufothionine ), bufotenine ( Bufotenine ), bufotenidine ( Bufotenidine ); Gamabufotalin ( or Japanese toad aglycones, Gamabufotalin ), Jalan Sri toad glucoside ( Besibufogenin ), cinobufotalin ( Cinobufotalin ), toad ( Bufalin ), toad, it will ( Bufotalidin or Hellobrigenin ), Yuanhua bufagin (Teloeiuobufagin ), deacetylation cinobufagin ( Desacetyleinobufagin ), deacetylation bufotalin ( Desacetylbufotalin ); the Japanese toad in its spirit of alcohol ( Gamabufotalininol ) and a blue substance, toad pigment (Bufochrome), i.e. three hydroxypropyl based butterfly day cable ( Trihydroxypropylpterisin).
Pharmacological action [ ]
1 on immune function, cinobufotalin, from the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans extracted water preparation. Cinobufotalin can be significantly elevated levels of normal and immune suppression and sensitized mice serum IgG content, on humoral cell and nonspecific cellular immunity are promoted. Intraperitoneal injection of0.1ml / only cinobufacini injection, for 14 consecutive days can obviously increase the total number of white blood cells in mice, increased IgG content and Rabbit anti H agglutination titer increase, but on T lymphocyte percentage can only increase 19%. Intraperitoneal injection given10ml / ( KD d ) x7d cinobufacini on normal mouse serum IgG content had no effect, can significantly improve the mouse peritoneal macrophage phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index. At the same time also found, China Xun on cyclophosphamide induced neutropenia, decreased lymphocyte percentage in IgG reduces corrosion angle and antagonism, can also improve during antigenic stimulation of serum IgG antibody levels.
2of hepatitis B inhibition, cinobufotalin can significantly inhibiting DHBV replication and have strong antiviral action. In 1ml / kg and 3ml / kg toad after injection of infected with the hepatitis B virus ( DHBV ) of the duck,3ml / kg cinobufacini on liver pathology has improved significantly, but there are only 3duck serum DHBV DNA levels after stopping rebounded slightly, prompting industry failed to complete suppression of DHBV until the destruction of virus super spiral structure, at the same time the clinical observation and the2215cell in vitro tests were found, cinobufacini of DHBV efficacy increased with dosage.
3anticancer effects, oral administration of 20g / kg cinobufotalin significant change for mouse tumor ( S180), mouse hepatoma entity type (Heps ), mouse net with only cell tumor ( L2) and tumor growth, inhibition rate of more than 30%; and the 8g / kg and 3G / kg of cinobufacini on3 kinds of tumor strain has certain inhibition but not significantly, at the same time the mouse back hair soft luster, weight gain than the blank group, cyclophosphamide group, showed inhibitory effect on tumor strength and dose for a certain dose-effect relationship, it also hints in tumor suppressor student, do not harm normal cells. Another report compound chanpi capsule has the radiation efficiency and degree of defense against radiation induced side effects. From fresh toad skin to have a Swiss the bufagin10 u g on murine P388leukemia cell growth inhibition rate of52%.
4 litres of hypertension,300 u g Arey the bufagin in rats leads to elevated blood pressure (40mmHg5.33kPa ), maintenance of 40min; when the100 u g3.33kPa (25mmHg ) elevated blood pressure, to keep the 12min.
5 toxicity, intraperitoneal injection of cinobufacini injection20.4mg / kg ( equivalent to clinical dosage of 500,100 times), alternate-day dosing 1 times, the interval of 6 days called weight to 1, a total of 20 days, not found in electrocardiogram and histological changes were found, but the blood test, high dose group in platelet count slightly elevated white blood cell count and slightly lower phenomenon, two dose in developmental rats average weight growth had certain inhibition. Description of cinobufotalin when applied in the dose and duration of treatment length still need to give some attention and continued observation research.
Discrimination [ ]
Physicochemical identification (1) take the coarse powder0.1g, like the 5ml h chlorination, immersion, filtration. Filtrate evaporated residue with acetic anhydride amount, dissolved, add a few drops of sulfate showed blue purple, blue green.
(2) take the coarse powder0.1g, plus5ml in methanol, soaking 1H, filtration. With2ml filtrate, plus two methyl amino benzaldehyde solid some, dropping a few drops of sulfate, significant blue purple.
(3) check some of the chemicals, water10ml, aqueous extracts the UV lamp (254nm ) were observed under fluorescence, significant blue purple.
[ ] the taste of bitter cold; toxic;
[ ] to the heart; lung; spleen; large intestine meridian
[ ] functions of clearing away heat and toxic material; and water swelling. The main diseases of swollen poison; Luo Li; Hong Kong; swelling; malnutrition distension; chronic bronchitis
[ usage]: orally taken decoction,3-9g; or at the end of the inquiry. External: appropriate, fresh, paste; dry goods or grinds the powder powder.
[ note ]" pieces of new reference": surface heat and inflated jiyong.
[ ] of finger swelling treatment of Party born poison: live toad a student peeling skin to the affected part, outside the package is good, tomorrow the poison all pull out, or back, to disease, poison and collect, such as play, then paste. Can not remember the skin inside meat, namely bite to uncover. Where the pox virus back, may also use this rule. (" line Xia seized secret" ) and treating carbuncle sore: a prawn film, peeling skin cover affixed to systemic quite, sore, Yu Ma leather with needle prickles holes, to which gas, self-conscious and quiet, months can climb with sores, not to grow up. (" the secret of immortality." spirit of fetal ): dry skin swelling back poison or any number, research is at the end, honeysuckle powder. (" open secret" medicine Yan gold or bulk ) the treatment of intestinal head out: toad skin piece, bottle smoked 's office. ( Sun Simiao )
[ ] the discussion
1" Outline": paste gleaning big poison, can remove poison, collect.
2" Chinese materia medica and raw": paste sores scrofula, moxibustion.
3" Zhejiang" Chinese Medicine Handbook: five for pediatric acute infantile convulsion pill, and Lee urine, elimination of abdominal distension.
The clinical application of [ ]
1 in the treatment of chronic bronchitis: live toad skin complete peel, dry grind end, Chen Mi for the pill or capsule. Each oral LG,2 times a day. A treatment for 10 days, stop the medicine 5 day, take second courses on. Observation of 334 cases, the first course of treatment, the effective rate was 69.7%, two courses of efficiency of 70%. The cough, expectorant effect is better than that of asthma.
2: side a: treatment of malignant tumor with toad skin0.4g,0.4g catechu, corydalis tuber total0.2g, powder pressing. 1.0g each time,1 times a day. Even served 2weeks after, each additional0.2-0.4g, until the end of the 3week for a course of treatment. This medicine is for each type of gastric cancer have varying degrees of efficacy, the ulcer canceration of gastric cancer with best effect, the pyloric obstruction effect is the worst. In patients with gastric cancer after serving can stop bleeding, pain, promote appetite, and reduce tumor mass effect, the elimination of ascites. Clinical according to condition, in the advantageous period, with the application of traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine comprehensive therapy or operation. The treatment of 48 cases of gastric cancer, the clinical cure in 5 cases, effective in 10 cases,27 cases were improved, the effect is not obvious and in operation in 6 cases.
Side two, a live toad skin, head and eye to peel, prick surface glandular particles, the toad skin surface sticking cancer of skin, such as deep cancer, according to the acupoint, cover oil gauze, and then covered with clean gauze fixed. Daily2times. Other fresh toad skin dry, yellow sand fried crisp, milling into bolus, every grain of0.3g,3-5 each time,3 times a day ( after). Or with fresh toad skin injection, intramuscular injection of2ml ( each containing about fresh skin2G ), daily L-2times. Using the method of treatment of esophageal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma267 cases ( at the same time combined with traditional Chinese medicine and chemotherapy treatment), the recent improvement in 99 cases (37.1%), deteriorated in 60 cases (22.5% ), no change in 56cases (21%),52 cases died (19.4%).
Side three, with fresh toad skin injection for local tumor injection, while oral Decoction Treatment of konjac, a total of 3 months. Try to treat2 cases of uterine cervix cancer after treatment of cervical smooth, examination, vaginal smears and cervical biopsies were negative, achieve clinical recovery. The L cases after operation for hysterectomy, cervical serial sections also showed no tumor tissue.
Side four, using toad1peeling baking powder, divided into 10-15packets. Each l packet,3 times a day. At the same time with fresh toad skin sticking spleen area. L case of He Jie 's disease symptoms after treatment significantly improved, the temperature returned to normal, and lymph node enlargement of liver and spleen in narrow, narrow, hemogram improved ( treatment had given cortisone, oxytetracycline and general support ).
Side five, with fresh toad skin with a whole piece, fried into100ml, daily 3minutes; or the toad skin simmer baked grinds into powder, capsule ( every particle containing about0.25g ), each 2-3particle,3-4once daily. Treatment of17 cases of colon, rectal cancer patients, most of the use of toad skin excision operation. 4 cases were confirmed by exploratory laparotomy confirmed for advanced colon, rectal carcinoma with widespread metastases, after treatment, the clinical symptoms disappeared, after more than 1 years of follow-up, have joined the labor.
Excerpts from" Chinese Materia Medica" [ ]

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